Add dump_cpt classifier test

Due to the change of default values for hyperparameters in BoostAODE

.clang-tidy

@@ -5,11 +5,12 @@ Checks: '-*,
          cppcoreguidelines-*,
          modernize-*,
          performance-*,
+         -modernize-use-nodiscard,
          -cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-vararg,
          -modernize-use-trailing-return-type,
          -bugprone-exception-escape'
 
-HeaderFilterRegex: 'src/*'
+HeaderFilterRegex: 'bayesnet/*'
 AnalyzeTemporaryDtors: false
 WarningsAsErrors: ''
 FormatStyle: file

.clang-uml

@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-compilation_database_dir: build
-output_directory: puml
-diagrams:
-  BayesNet:
-    type: class
-    glob:
-      - src/BayesNet/*.cc
-      - src/Platform/*.cc
-    using_namespace: bayesnet
-    include:
-      namespaces:
-        - bayesnet
-        - platform
-    plantuml:
-      after:
-        - "note left of {{ alias(\"MyProjectMain\") }}: Main class of myproject library."
-  sequence:
-    type: sequence
-    glob:
-      - src/Platform/main.cc
-    combine_free_functions_into_file_participants: true
-    using_namespace:
-      - std
-      - bayesnet
-      - platform
-    include:
-      paths:
-        - src/BayesNet
-        - src/Platform
-    start_from:
-      - function: main(int,const char **)

.gitignore

@@ -38,3 +38,5 @@ cmake-build*/**
 .idea
 puml/**
 .vscode/settings.json
+sample/build
+

.gitmodules

@@ -1,15 +1,20 @@
 [submodule "lib/mdlp"]
 	path = lib/mdlp
 	url = https://github.com/rmontanana/mdlp
+	main = main
+	update = merge
 [submodule "lib/catch2"]
 	path = lib/catch2
+    main  = v2.x
+	update = merge
 	url = https://github.com/catchorg/Catch2.git
-[submodule "lib/argparse"]
-	path = lib/argparse
-	url = https://github.com/p-ranav/argparse
 [submodule "lib/json"]
 	path = lib/json
 	url = https://github.com/nlohmann/json.git
-[submodule "lib/libxlsxwriter"]
-	path = lib/libxlsxwriter
-	url = https://github.com/jmcnamara/libxlsxwriter.git
+    master = master
+	update = merge
+[submodule "lib/folding"]
+	path = lib/folding
+	url = https://github.com/rmontanana/folding
+	main = main
+	update = merge

.vscode/c_cpp_properties.json

@@ -3,15 +3,47 @@
         {
             "name": "Mac",
             "includePath": [
-                "${workspaceFolder}/**"
+                "/Users/rmontanana/Code/BayesNet/**"
             ],
             "defines": [],
             "macFrameworkPath": [
-                "/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks"
+                "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include"
             ],
             "cStandard": "c17",
             "cppStandard": "c++17",
-            "compileCommands": "${workspaceFolder}/cmake-build-release/compile_commands.json"
+            "compileCommands": "",
+            "intelliSenseMode": "macos-clang-arm64",
+            "mergeConfigurations": false,
+            "browse": {
+                "path": [
+                    "/Users/rmontanana/Code/BayesNet/**",
+                    "${workspaceFolder}"
+                ],
+                "limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true
+            },
+            "configurationProvider": "ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "Linux",
+            "includePath": [
+                "/home/rmontanana/Code/BayesNet/**",
+                "/home/rmontanana/Code/libtorch/include/torch/csrc/api/include/",
+                "/home/rmontanana/Code/BayesNet/lib/"
+            ],
+            "defines": [],
+            "cStandard": "c17",
+            "cppStandard": "c++17",
+            "intelliSenseMode": "linux-gcc-x64",
+            "mergeConfigurations": false,
+            "compilerPath": "/usr/bin/g++",
+            "browse": {
+                "path": [
+                    "/home/rmontanana/Code/BayesNet/**",
+                    "${workspaceFolder}"
+                ],
+                "limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true
+            },
+            "configurationProvider": "ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
         }
     ],
     "version": 4

.vscode/launch.json

@@ -5,110 +5,44 @@
             "type": "lldb",
             "request": "launch",
             "name": "sample",
-            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/build_debug/sample/BayesNetSample",
+            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/build_release/sample/bayesnet_sample",
             "args": [
-                "-d",
-                "iris",
-                "-m",
-                "TANLd",
-                "-s",
-                "271",
-                "-p",
-                "/home/rmontanana/Code/discretizbench/datasets/",
-            ],
-            //"cwd": "${workspaceFolder}/build/sample/",
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "lldb",
-            "request": "launch",
-            "name": "experimentPy",
-            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/build_debug/src/Platform/b_main",
-            "args": [
-                "-m",
-                "STree",
-                "--stratified",
-                "-d",
-                "iris",
-                //"--discretize"
-                // "--hyperparameters",
-                // "{\"repeatSparent\": true, \"maxModels\": 12}"
-            ],
-            "cwd": "/home/rmontanana/Code/discretizbench",
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "lldb",
-            "request": "launch",
-            "name": "experimentBayes",
-            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/build_debug/src/Platform/b_main",
-            "args": [
-                "-m",
-                "TAN",
-                "--stratified",
-                "--discretize",
-                "-d",
-                "iris",
-                "--hyperparameters",
-                "{\"repeatSparent\": true, \"maxModels\": 12}"
-            ],
-            "cwd": "/home/rmontanana/Code/discretizbench",
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "lldb",
-            "request": "launch",
-            "name": "best",
-            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/build_debug/src/Platform/b_best",
-            "args": [
-                "-m",
-                "BoostAODE",
-                "-s",
-                "accuracy",
-                "--build",
-            ],
-            "cwd": "/home/rmontanana/Code/discretizbench",
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "lldb",
-            "request": "launch",
-            "name": "manage",
-            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/build_debug/src/Platform/b_manage",
-            "args": [
-                "-n",
-                "20"
-            ],
-            "cwd": "/home/rmontanana/Code/discretizbench",
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "lldb",
-            "request": "launch",
-            "name": "list",
-            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/build_debug/src/Platform/b_list",
-            "args": [],
-            //"cwd": "/Users/rmontanana/Code/discretizbench",
-            "cwd": "/home/rmontanana/Code/covbench",
+                "${workspaceFolder}/tests/data/glass.arff"
+            ]
         },
         {
             "type": "lldb",
             "request": "launch",
             "name": "test",
-            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/build_debug/tests/unit_tests",
+            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/build_debug/tests/TestBayesNet",
             "args": [
-                "-c=\"Metrics Test\"",
-                // "-s",
+                "Block Update"
             ],
-            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}/build/tests",
+            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}/build_debug/tests"
         },
         {
-            "name": "Build & debug active file",
+            "name": "(gdb) Launch",
             "type": "cppdbg",
             "request": "launch",
-            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/build_debug/bayesnet",
+            "program": "enter program name, for example ${workspaceFolder}/a.out",
             "args": [],
             "stopAtEntry": false,
-            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
+            "cwd": "${fileDirname}",
             "environment": [],
             "externalConsole": false,
-            "MIMode": "lldb",
-            "preLaunchTask": "CMake: build"
+            "MIMode": "gdb",
+            "setupCommands": [
+                {
+                    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
+                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
+                    "ignoreFailures": true
+                },
+                {
+                    "description": "Set Disassembly Flavor to Intel",
+                    "text": "-gdb-set disassembly-flavor intel",
+                    "ignoreFailures": true
+                }
+            ]
         }
     ]
 }

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+# Changelog
+
+All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
+
+The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.1.0/),
+and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
+
+## [unreleased]
+
+### Added
+
+- Install command and instructions in README.md
+- Prefix to install command to install the package in the any location.
+- The 'block_update' hyperparameter to the BoostAODE class, to control the way weights/significances are updated. Default value is false.
+- Html report of coverage in the coverage folder. It is created with *make viewcoverage*
+- Badges of coverage and code quality (codacy) in README.md. Coverage badge is updated with *make viewcoverage*
+- Tests to reach 97% of coverage.
+- Copyright header to source files.
+
+### Changed
+
+- Sample app now is a separate target in the Makefile and shows how to use the library with a sample dataset
+- The worse model count in BoostAODE is reset to 0 every time a new model produces better accuracy, so the tolerance of the model is meant to be the number of **consecutive** models that produce worse accuracy.
+- Default hyperparameter values in BoostAODE: bisection is true, maxTolerance is 3, convergence is true
+
+## [1.0.4] 2024-03-06
+
+### Added
+
+- Change *ascending* hyperparameter to *order* with these possible values *{"asc", "desc", "rand"}*, Default is *"desc"*.
+- Add the *predict_single* hyperparameter to control if only the last model created is used to predict in boost training or the whole ensemble (all the models built so far). Default is true.
+- sample app to show how to use the library (make sample)
+
+### Changed
+
+- Change the library structure adding folders for each group of classes (classifiers, ensembles, etc).
+- The significances of the models generated under the feature selection algorithm are now computed after all the models have been generated and an &alpha;<sub>t</sub> value is computed and assigned to each model.
+
+## [1.0.3] 2024-02-25
+
+### Added
+
+- Voting / probability aggregation in Ensemble classes
+- predict_proba method in Classifier
+- predict_proba method in BoostAODE
+- predict_voting parameter in BoostAODE constructor to use voting or probability to predict (default is voting)
+- hyperparameter predict_voting to AODE, AODELd and BoostAODE (Ensemble child classes)
+- tests to check predict & predict_proba coherence
+
+## [1.0.2] - 2024-02-20
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Fix bug in BoostAODE: do not include the model if epsilon sub t is greater than 0.5
+- Fix bug in BoostAODE: compare accuracy with previous accuracy instead of the first of the ensemble if convergence true
+
+## [1.0.1] - 2024-02-12
+
+### Added
+
+- Notes in Classifier class
+- BoostAODE: Add note with used features in initialization with feature selection
+- BoostAODE: Add note with the number of models
+- BoostAODE: Add note with the number of features used to create models if not all features are used
+- Test version number in TestBayesModels
+- Add tests with feature_select and notes on BoostAODE
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Network predict test
+- Network predict_proba test
+- Network score test

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20)
 
 project(BayesNet
-  VERSION 0.2.0
+  VERSION 1.0.4.1
   DESCRIPTION "Bayesian Network and basic classifiers Library."
   HOMEPAGE_URL "https://github.com/rmontanana/bayesnet"
   LANGUAGES CXX
@@ -25,37 +25,31 @@ set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS                  OFF)
 set(CMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS          ON)
 set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} ${TORCH_CXX_FLAGS}")
 SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -pthread")
-
+set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG} -fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage -O0 -g")
+set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE} -O3")
 # Options
 # -------
 option(ENABLE_CLANG_TIDY "Enable to add clang tidy."              OFF)
 option(ENABLE_TESTING "Unit testing build"                        OFF)
 option(CODE_COVERAGE "Collect coverage from test library"         OFF)
-
-# Boost Library
-set(Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS OFF) 
-set(Boost_USE_MULTITHREADED ON)  
-set(Boost_USE_STATIC_RUNTIME OFF) 
-find_package(Boost 1.66.0 REQUIRED COMPONENTS python3 numpy3) 
-if(Boost_FOUND)
-    message("Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS=${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS}")
-    include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS}) 
-endif()
-
-# Python
-find_package(Python3 3.11...3.11.9 COMPONENTS Interpreter Development REQUIRED)
-message("Python3_LIBRARIES=${Python3_LIBRARIES}")
+option(INSTALL_GTEST "Enable installation of googletest."         OFF)
 
 # CMakes modules
 # --------------
 set(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/modules ${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH})
 include(AddGitSubmodule)
 
+if (CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
+  MESSAGE("Debug mode")
+  set(ENABLE_TESTING ON)
+  set(CODE_COVERAGE ON)
+endif (CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
+
+
 if (CODE_COVERAGE)
   enable_testing()
   include(CodeCoverage)
   MESSAGE("Code coverage enabled")
-    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS " ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage -O0 -g")
   SET(GCC_COVERAGE_LINK_FLAGS " ${GCC_COVERAGE_LINK_FLAGS} -lgcov --coverage")
 endif (CODE_COVERAGE)
 
@@ -67,33 +61,28 @@ endif (ENABLE_CLANG_TIDY)
 # ---------------------------------------------
 # include(FetchContent)
 add_git_submodule("lib/mdlp")
-add_git_submodule("lib/argparse")
 add_git_submodule("lib/json")
 
-
-find_library(XLSXWRITER_LIB NAMES libxlsxwriter.dylib libxlsxwriter.so PATHS ${BayesNet_SOURCE_DIR}/lib/libxlsxwriter/lib)
-message("XLSXWRITER_LIB=${XLSXWRITER_LIB}")
-
-
 # Subdirectories
 # --------------
 add_subdirectory(config)
 add_subdirectory(lib/Files)
-add_subdirectory(src/BayesNet)
-add_subdirectory(src/Platform)
-add_subdirectory(src/PyClassifiers)
-add_subdirectory(sample)
-
-file(GLOB BayesNet_HEADERS CONFIGURE_DEPENDS ${BayesNet_SOURCE_DIR}/src/BayesNet/*.h ${BayesNet_SOURCE_DIR}/BayesNet/*.h)
-file(GLOB BayesNet_SOURCES CONFIGURE_DEPENDS ${BayesNet_SOURCE_DIR}/src/BayesNet/*.cc ${BayesNet_SOURCE_DIR}/src/BayesNet/*.cpp)
-file(GLOB Platform_SOURCES CONFIGURE_DEPENDS ${BayesNet_SOURCE_DIR}/src/Platform/*.cc ${BayesNet_SOURCE_DIR}/src/Platform/*.cpp)
+add_subdirectory(bayesnet)
 
 # Testing
 # -------
-
 if (ENABLE_TESTING)
   MESSAGE("Testing enabled")
   add_git_submodule("lib/catch2")  
   include(CTest)
   add_subdirectory(tests)
 endif (ENABLE_TESTING)
+
+# Installation
+# ------------
+install(TARGETS BayesNet
+        ARCHIVE DESTINATION lib
+        LIBRARY DESTINATION lib
+        CONFIGURATIONS Release)
+install(DIRECTORY bayesnet/ DESTINATION include/bayesnet FILES_MATCHING CONFIGURATIONS Release PATTERN "*.h")
+install(FILES ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/configured_files/include/bayesnet/config.h DESTINATION include/bayesnet CONFIGURATIONS Release)

LICENSE

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 MIT License
 
-Copyright (c) <year> <copyright holders>
+Copyright (c) 2023 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
 
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 

Makefile

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 SHELL := /bin/bash
 .DEFAULT_GOAL := help
-.PHONY: coverage setup help build test clean debug release
+.PHONY: viewcoverage coverage setup help install uninstall buildr buildd test clean debug release sample updatebadge
 
 f_release = build_release
 f_debug = build_debug
-app_targets = b_best b_list b_main b_manage b_grid
-test_targets = unit_tests_bayesnet unit_tests_platform
+app_targets = BayesNet
+test_targets = TestBayesNet
 n_procs = -j 16
 
 define ClearTests
@@ -29,20 +29,9 @@ setup: ## Install dependencies for tests and coverage
 	fi
 	@if [ "$(shell uname)" = "Linux" ]; then \
 		pip install gcovr; \
+		sudo dnf install lcov;\
 	fi
 
-dest ?= ${HOME}/bin
-install: ## Copy binary files to bin folder
-	@echo "Destination folder: $(dest)"
-	make buildr
-	@echo "*******************************************"
-	@echo ">>> Copying files to $(dest)"
-	@echo "*******************************************"
-	@for item in $(app_targets); do \
-		echo ">>> Copying $$item" ; \
-		cp $(f_release)/src/Platform/$$item $(dest) ; \
-	done
-
 dependency: ## Create a dependency graph diagram of the project (build/dependency.png)
 	@echo ">>> Creating dependency graph diagram of the project...";
 	$(MAKE) debug
@@ -59,8 +48,16 @@ clean: ## Clean the tests info
 	$(call ClearTests)
 	@echo ">>> Done";
 
-clang-uml: ## Create uml class and sequence diagrams
-	clang-uml -p --add-compile-flag -I /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/include/
+uninstall: ## Uninstall library
+	@echo ">>> Uninstalling BayesNet...";
+	xargs rm < $(f_release)/install_manifest.txt
+	@echo ">>> Done";
+
+prefix = "/usr/local"
+install: ## Install library
+	@echo ">>> Installing BayesNet...";
+	@cmake --install $(f_release) --prefix $(prefix)
+	@echo ">>> Done";
 
 debug: ## Build a debug version of the project
 	@echo ">>> Building Debug BayesNet...";
@@ -76,42 +73,55 @@ release: ## Build a Release version of the project
 	@cmake -S . -B $(f_release) -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release
 	@echo ">>> Done";
 
+fname = "tests/data/iris.arff"
+sample: ## Build sample
+	@echo ">>> Building Sample...";
+	@if [ -d ./sample/build ]; then rm -rf ./sample/build; fi
+	@cd sample && cmake -B build -S . && cmake --build build -t bayesnet_sample
+	sample/build/bayesnet_sample $(fname)
+	@echo ">>> Done";	
+
 opt = ""
 test: ## Run tests (opt="-s") to verbose output the tests, (opt="-c='Test Maximum Spanning Tree'") to run only that section
 	@echo ">>> Running BayesNet & Platform tests...";
 	@$(MAKE) clean
 	@cmake --build $(f_debug) -t $(test_targets) $(n_procs)
 	@for t in $(test_targets); do \
+		echo ">>> Running $$t...";\
 		if [ -f $(f_debug)/tests/$$t ]; then \
 			cd $(f_debug)/tests ; \
 			./$$t $(opt) ; \
+			cd ../.. ; \
 		fi ; \
 	done
 	@echo ">>> Done";
 
-opt = ""
-testp: ## Run platform tests (opt="-s") to verbose output the tests, (opt="-c='Stratified Fold Test'") to run only that section
-	@echo ">>> Running Platform tests...";
-	@$(MAKE) clean
-	@cmake --build $(f_debug) --target unit_tests_platform $(n_procs)
-	@if [ -f $(f_debug)/tests/unit_tests_platform ]; then cd $(f_debug)/tests ; ./unit_tests_platform $(opt) ; fi ; 
-	@echo ">>> Done";
-
-opt = ""
-testb: ## Run BayesNet tests (opt="-s") to verbose output the tests, (opt="-c='Test Maximum Spanning Tree'") to run only that section
-	@echo ">>> Running BayesNet tests...";
-	@$(MAKE) clean
-	@cmake --build $(f_debug) --target unit_tests_bayesnet $(n_procs)
-	@if [ -f $(f_debug)/tests/unit_tests_bayesnet ]; then cd $(f_debug)/tests ; ./unit_tests_bayesnet $(opt) ; fi ; 
-	@echo ">>> Done";
-
 coverage: ## Run tests and generate coverage report (build/index.html)
-	@echo ">>> Building tests with coverage...";
+	@echo ">>> Building tests with coverage..."
 	@$(MAKE) test
-	@cd $(f_debug) ; \
-	gcovr --config ../gcovr.cfg tests ;
+	@gcovr $(f_debug)/tests
 	@echo ">>> Done";	
 
+viewcoverage: ## Run tests, generate coverage report and upload it to codecov (build/index.html)
+	@echo ">>> Building tests with coverage..."
+	@$(MAKE) coverage
+	@echo ">>> Building report..."
+	@cd $(f_debug)/tests; \
+	lcov --directory . --capture --output-file coverage.info >/dev/null 2>&1; \
+	lcov --remove coverage.info '/usr/*' --output-file coverage.info >/dev/null 2>&1; \
+	lcov --remove coverage.info 'lib/*' --output-file coverage.info >/dev/null 2>&1; \
+	lcov --remove coverage.info 'libtorch/*' --output-file coverage.info >/dev/null 2>&1; \
+	lcov --remove coverage.info 'tests/*' --output-file coverage.info >/dev/null 2>&1; \
+	lcov --remove coverage.info 'bayesnet/utils/loguru.*' --output-file coverage.info >/dev/null 2>&1; \
+	genhtml coverage.info --output-directory coverage >/dev/null 2>&1;
+	@$(MAKE) updatebadge
+	@xdg-open $(f_debug)/tests/coverage/index.html || open $(f_debug)/tests/coverage/index.html 2>/dev/null
+	@echo ">>> Done";
+
+updatebadge: ## Update the coverage badge in README.md
+	@echo ">>> Updating coverage badge..."
+	@env python update_coverage.py $(f_debug)/tests
+	@echo ">>> Done";
 
 help: ## Show help message
 	@IFS=$$'\n' ; \

README.md

@@ -1,65 +1,50 @@
 # BayesNet
 
-[![License: MIT](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-yellow.svg)](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+![C++](https://img.shields.io/badge/c++-%2300599C.svg?style=flat&logo=c%2B%2B&logoColor=white)
+[![License: MIT](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-blue.svg)](<https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>)
+![Gitea Release](https://img.shields.io/gitea/v/release/rmontanana/bayesnet?gitea_url=https://gitea.rmontanana.es:3000)
+[![Codacy Badge](https://app.codacy.com/project/badge/Grade/cf3e0ac71d764650b1bf4d8d00d303b1)](https://app.codacy.com/gh/Doctorado-ML/BayesNet/dashboard?utm_source=gh&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=&utm_campaign=Badge_grade)
+![Gitea Last Commit](https://img.shields.io/gitea/last-commit/rmontanana/bayesnet?gitea_url=https://gitea.rmontanana.es:3000&logo=gitea)
+![Static Badge](https://img.shields.io/badge/Coverage-97,2%25-green)
 
-Bayesian Network Classifier with libtorch from scratch
+Bayesian Network Classifiers using libtorch from scratch
 
-## 0. Setup
+## Dependencies
 
-Before compiling BayesNet.
-
-### boost library
-
-[Getting Started](<https://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_83_0/more/getting_started/index.html>)
-
-The best option is install the packages that the Linux distribution have in its repository. If this is the case:
+The only external dependency is [libtorch](https://pytorch.org/cppdocs/installing.html) which can be installed with the following commands:
 
 ```bash
-sudo dnf install boost-devel
+wget https://download.pytorch.org/libtorch/nightly/cpu/libtorch-shared-with-deps-latest.zip
+unzip libtorch-shared-with-deps-latest.zips
 ```
 
-If this is not possible and the compressed packaged is installed, the following environment variable has to be set pointing to the folder where it was unzipped to:
-
-```bash
-export BOOST_ROOT=/path/to/library/
-```
-
-In some cases, it is needed to build the library, to do so:
-
-```bash
-cd /path/to/library
-mkdir own
-./bootstrap.sh --prefix=/path/to/library/own
-./b2 install
-export BOOST_ROOT=/path/to/library/own/
-```
-
-Don't forget to add the export BOOST_ROOT statement to .bashrc or wherever it is meant to be.
-
-### libxlswriter
-
-```bash
-cd lib/libxlsxwriter
-make
-make install DESTDIR=/home/rmontanana/Code PREFIX=
-```
-
-Environment variable has to be set:
-
-```bash
- export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib
- ```
+## Setup
 
 ### Release
 
 ```bash
 make release
+make buildr
+sudo make install
 ```
 
 ### Debug & Tests
 
 ```bash
 make debug
+make test
+make coverage
 ```
 
-## 1. Introduction
+### Sample app
+
+After building and installing the release version, you can run the sample app with the following commands:
+
+```bash
+make sample
+make sample fname=tests/data/glass.arff
+```
+
+## Models
+
+### [BoostAODE](docs/BoostAODE.md)

bayesnet/BaseClassifier.h

@@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
-#ifndef BASE_H
-#define BASE_H
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
+#pragma once
+#include <vector>
 #include <torch/torch.h>
 #include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
-#include <vector>
 namespace bayesnet {
     enum status_t { NORMAL, WARNING, ERROR };
     class BaseClassifier {
@@ -16,17 +21,21 @@ namespace bayesnet {
         virtual ~BaseClassifier() = default;
         torch::Tensor virtual predict(torch::Tensor& X) = 0;
         std::vector<int> virtual predict(std::vector<std::vector<int >>& X) = 0;
+        torch::Tensor virtual predict_proba(torch::Tensor& X) = 0;
+        std::vector<std::vector<double>> virtual predict_proba(std::vector<std::vector<int >>& X) = 0;
         status_t virtual getStatus() const = 0;
         float virtual score(std::vector<std::vector<int>>& X, std::vector<int>& y) = 0;
         float virtual score(torch::Tensor& X, torch::Tensor& y) = 0;
         int virtual getNumberOfNodes()const = 0;
         int virtual getNumberOfEdges()const = 0;
         int virtual getNumberOfStates() const = 0;
+        int virtual getClassNumStates() const = 0;
         std::vector<std::string> virtual show() const = 0;
         std::vector<std::string> virtual graph(const std::string& title = "") const = 0;
         virtual std::string getVersion() = 0;
         std::vector<std::string> virtual topological_order() = 0;
-        void virtual dump_cpt()const = 0;
+        std::vector<std::string> virtual getNotes() const = 0;
+        std::string virtual dump_cpt()const = 0;
         virtual void setHyperparameters(const nlohmann::json& hyperparameters) = 0;
         std::vector<std::string>& getValidHyperparameters() { return validHyperparameters; }
     protected:
@@ -34,4 +43,3 @@ namespace bayesnet {
         std::vector<std::string> validHyperparameters;
     };
 }
-#endif

bayesnet/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+include_directories(
+    ${BayesNet_SOURCE_DIR}/lib/mdlp
+    ${BayesNet_SOURCE_DIR}/lib/Files
+    ${BayesNet_SOURCE_DIR}/lib/folding
+    ${BayesNet_SOURCE_DIR}/lib/json/include
+    ${BayesNet_SOURCE_DIR}
+    ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/configured_files/include
+)
+
+file(GLOB_RECURSE Sources "*.cc")
+
+add_library(BayesNet ${Sources})
+target_link_libraries(BayesNet mdlp "${TORCH_LIBRARIES}")

bayesnet/classifiers/Classifier.cc

@@ -1,15 +1,23 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
+#include <sstream>
+#include "bayesnet/utils/bayesnetUtils.h"
 #include "Classifier.h"
-#include "bayesnetUtils.h"
 
 namespace bayesnet {
     Classifier::Classifier(Network model) : model(model), m(0), n(0), metrics(Metrics()), fitted(false) {}
+    const std::string CLASSIFIER_NOT_FITTED = "Classifier has not been fitted";
     Classifier& Classifier::build(const std::vector<std::string>& features, const std::string& className, std::map<std::string, std::vector<int>>& states, const torch::Tensor& weights)
     {
         this->features = features;
         this->className = className;
         this->states = states;
         m = dataset.size(1);
-        n = dataset.size(0) - 1;
+        n = features.size();
         checkFitParameters();
         auto n_classes = states.at(className).size();
         metrics = Metrics(dataset, features, className, n_classes);
@@ -26,10 +34,11 @@ namespace bayesnet {
             dataset = torch::cat({ dataset, yresized }, 0);
         }
         catch (const std::exception& e) {
-            std::cerr << e.what() << '\n';
-            std::cout << "X dimensions: " << dataset.sizes() << "\n";
-            std::cout << "y dimensions: " << ytmp.sizes() << "\n";
-            exit(1);
+            std::stringstream oss;
+            oss << "* Error in X and y dimensions *\n";
+            oss << "X dimensions: " << dataset.sizes() << "\n";
+            oss << "y dimensions: " << ytmp.sizes();
+            throw std::runtime_error(oss.str());
         }
     }
     void Classifier::trainModel(const torch::Tensor& weights)
@@ -72,11 +81,11 @@ namespace bayesnet {
         if (torch::is_floating_point(dataset)) {
             throw std::invalid_argument("dataset (X, y) must be of type Integer");
         }
-        if (n != features.size()) {
-            throw std::invalid_argument("Classifier: X " + std::to_string(n) + " and features " + std::to_string(features.size()) + " must have the same number of features");
+        if (dataset.size(0) - 1 != features.size()) {
+            throw std::invalid_argument("Classifier: X " + std::to_string(dataset.size(0) - 1) + " and features " + std::to_string(features.size()) + " must have the same number of features");
         }
         if (states.find(className) == states.end()) {
-            throw std::invalid_argument("className not found in states");
+            throw std::invalid_argument("class name not found in states");
         }
         for (auto feature : features) {
             if (states.find(feature) == states.end()) {
@@ -87,14 +96,14 @@ namespace bayesnet {
     torch::Tensor Classifier::predict(torch::Tensor& X)
     {
         if (!fitted) {
-            throw std::logic_error("Classifier has not been fitted");
+            throw std::logic_error(CLASSIFIER_NOT_FITTED);
         }
         return model.predict(X);
     }
     std::vector<int> Classifier::predict(std::vector<std::vector<int>>& X)
     {
         if (!fitted) {
-            throw std::logic_error("Classifier has not been fitted");
+            throw std::logic_error(CLASSIFIER_NOT_FITTED);
         }
         auto m_ = X[0].size();
         auto n_ = X.size();
@@ -105,18 +114,37 @@ namespace bayesnet {
         auto yp = model.predict(Xd);
         return yp;
     }
-    float Classifier::score(torch::Tensor& X, torch::Tensor& y)
+    torch::Tensor Classifier::predict_proba(torch::Tensor& X)
     {
         if (!fitted) {
-            throw std::logic_error("Classifier has not been fitted");
+            throw std::logic_error(CLASSIFIER_NOT_FITTED);
         }
+        return model.predict_proba(X);
+    }
+    std::vector<std::vector<double>> Classifier::predict_proba(std::vector<std::vector<int>>& X)
+    {
+        if (!fitted) {
+            throw std::logic_error(CLASSIFIER_NOT_FITTED);
+        }
+        auto m_ = X[0].size();
+        auto n_ = X.size();
+        std::vector<std::vector<int>> Xd(n_, std::vector<int>(m_, 0));
+        // Convert to nxm vector
+        for (auto i = 0; i < n_; i++) {
+            Xd[i] = std::vector<int>(X[i].begin(), X[i].end());
+        }
+        auto yp = model.predict_proba(Xd);
+        return yp;
+    }
+    float Classifier::score(torch::Tensor& X, torch::Tensor& y)
+    {
         torch::Tensor y_pred = predict(X);
         return (y_pred == y).sum().item<float>() / y.size(0);
     }
     float Classifier::score(std::vector<std::vector<int>>& X, std::vector<int>& y)
     {
         if (!fitted) {
-            throw std::logic_error("Classifier has not been fitted");
+            throw std::logic_error(CLASSIFIER_NOT_FITTED);
         }
         return model.score(X, y);
     }
@@ -145,16 +173,22 @@ namespace bayesnet {
     {
         return fitted ? model.getStates() : 0;
     }
+    int Classifier::getClassNumStates() const
+    {
+        return fitted ? model.getClassNumStates() : 0;
+    }
     std::vector<std::string> Classifier::topological_order()
     {
         return model.topological_sort();
     }
-    void Classifier::dump_cpt() const
+    std::string Classifier::dump_cpt() const
     {
-        model.dump_cpt();
+        return model.dump_cpt();
     }
     void Classifier::setHyperparameters(const nlohmann::json& hyperparameters)
     {
-        //For classifiers that don't have hyperparameters
+        if (!hyperparameters.empty()) {
+            throw std::invalid_argument("Invalid hyperparameters" + hyperparameters.dump());
+        }
     }
 }

bayesnet/classifiers/Classifier.h

@@ -1,28 +1,18 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #ifndef CLASSIFIER_H
 #define CLASSIFIER_H
 #include <torch/torch.h>
-#include "BaseClassifier.h"
-#include "Network.h"
-#include "BayesMetrics.h"
+#include "bayesnet/utils/BayesMetrics.h"
+#include "bayesnet/network/Network.h"
+#include "bayesnet/BaseClassifier.h"
 
 namespace bayesnet {
     class Classifier : public BaseClassifier {
-    private:
-        Classifier& build(const std::vector<std::string>& features, const std::string& className, std::map<std::string, std::vector<int>>& states, const torch::Tensor& weights);
-    protected:
-        bool fitted;
-        int m, n; // m: number of samples, n: number of features
-        Network model;
-        Metrics metrics;
-        std::vector<std::string> features;
-        std::string className;
-        std::map<std::string, std::vector<int>> states;
-        torch::Tensor dataset; // (n+1)xm tensor
-        status_t status = NORMAL;
-        void checkFitParameters();
-        virtual void buildModel(const torch::Tensor& weights) = 0;
-        void trainModel(const torch::Tensor& weights) override;
-        void buildDataset(torch::Tensor& y);
     public:
         Classifier(Network model);
         virtual ~Classifier() = default;
@@ -34,16 +24,37 @@ namespace bayesnet {
         int getNumberOfNodes() const override;
         int getNumberOfEdges() const override;
         int getNumberOfStates() const override;
+        int getClassNumStates() const override;
         torch::Tensor predict(torch::Tensor& X) override;
-        status_t getStatus() const override { return status; }
-        std::string getVersion() override { return "0.2.0"; };
         std::vector<int> predict(std::vector<std::vector<int>>& X) override;
+        torch::Tensor predict_proba(torch::Tensor& X) override;
+        std::vector<std::vector<double>> predict_proba(std::vector<std::vector<int>>& X) override;
+        status_t getStatus() const override { return status; }
+        std::string getVersion() override { return { project_version.begin(), project_version.end() }; };
         float score(torch::Tensor& X, torch::Tensor& y) override;
         float score(std::vector<std::vector<int>>& X, std::vector<int>& y) override;
         std::vector<std::string> show() const override;
         std::vector<std::string> topological_order()  override;
-        void dump_cpt() const override;
+        std::vector<std::string> getNotes() const override { return notes; }
+        std::string dump_cpt() const override;
         void setHyperparameters(const nlohmann::json& hyperparameters) override; //For classifiers that don't have hyperparameters
+    protected:
+        bool fitted;
+        unsigned int m, n; // m: number of samples, n: number of features
+        Network model;
+        Metrics metrics;
+        std::vector<std::string> features;
+        std::string className;
+        std::map<std::string, std::vector<int>> states;
+        torch::Tensor dataset; // (n+1)xm tensor
+        status_t status = NORMAL;
+        std::vector<std::string> notes; // Used to store messages occurred during the fit process
+        void checkFitParameters();
+        virtual void buildModel(const torch::Tensor& weights) = 0;
+        void trainModel(const torch::Tensor& weights) override;
+        void buildDataset(torch::Tensor& y);
+    private:
+        Classifier& build(const std::vector<std::string>& features, const std::string& className, std::map<std::string, std::vector<int>>& states, const torch::Tensor& weights);
     };
 }
 #endif

bayesnet/classifiers/KDB.cc

@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #include "KDB.h"
 
 namespace bayesnet {
@@ -6,14 +12,18 @@ namespace bayesnet {
         validHyperparameters = { "k", "theta" };
 
     }
-    void KDB::setHyperparameters(const nlohmann::json& hyperparameters)
+    void KDB::setHyperparameters(const nlohmann::json& hyperparameters_)
     {
+        auto hyperparameters = hyperparameters_;
         if (hyperparameters.contains("k")) {
             k = hyperparameters["k"];
+            hyperparameters.erase("k");
         }
         if (hyperparameters.contains("theta")) {
             theta = hyperparameters["theta"];
+            hyperparameters.erase("theta");
         }
+        Classifier::setHyperparameters(hyperparameters);
     }
     void KDB::buildModel(const torch::Tensor& weights)
     {

bayesnet/classifiers/KDB.h

@@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #ifndef KDB_H
 #define KDB_H
 #include <torch/torch.h>
+#include "bayesnet/utils/bayesnetUtils.h"
 #include "Classifier.h"
-#include "bayesnetUtils.h"
 namespace bayesnet {
     class KDB : public Classifier {
     private:
@@ -14,7 +20,7 @@ namespace bayesnet {
     public:
         explicit KDB(int k, float theta = 0.03);
         virtual ~KDB() = default;
-        void setHyperparameters(const nlohmann::json& hyperparameters) override;
+        void setHyperparameters(const nlohmann::json& hyperparameters_) override;
         std::vector<std::string> graph(const std::string& name = "KDB") const override;
     };
 }

bayesnet/classifiers/KDBLd.cc

@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #include "KDBLd.h"
 
 namespace bayesnet {

bayesnet/classifiers/KDBLd.h

@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #ifndef KDBLD_H
 #define KDBLD_H
-#include "KDB.h"
 #include "Proposal.h"
+#include "KDB.h"
 
 namespace bayesnet {
     class KDBLd : public KDB, public Proposal {

bayesnet/classifiers/Proposal.cc

@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
+#include <ArffFiles.h>
 #include "Proposal.h"
-#include "ArffFiles.h"
 
 namespace bayesnet {
     Proposal::Proposal(torch::Tensor& dataset_, std::vector<std::string>& features_, std::string& className_) : pDataset(dataset_), pFeatures(features_), pClassName(className_) {}

bayesnet/classifiers/Proposal.h

@@ -1,10 +1,16 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #ifndef PROPOSAL_H
 #define PROPOSAL_H
 #include <string>
 #include <map>
 #include <torch/torch.h>
-#include "Network.h"
-#include "CPPFImdlp.h"
+#include <CPPFImdlp.h>
+#include "bayesnet/network/Network.h"
 #include "Classifier.h"
 
 namespace bayesnet {

bayesnet/classifiers/SPODE.cc

@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #include "SPODE.h"
 
 namespace bayesnet {

bayesnet/classifiers/SPODE.h

@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #ifndef SPODE_H
 #define SPODE_H
 #include "Classifier.h"

bayesnet/classifiers/SPODELd.cc

@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #include "SPODELd.h"
 
 namespace bayesnet {
@@ -5,25 +11,23 @@ namespace bayesnet {
     SPODELd& SPODELd::fit(torch::Tensor& X_, torch::Tensor& y_, const std::vector<std::string>& features_, const std::string& className_, map<std::string, std::vector<int>>& states_)
     {
         checkInput(X_, y_);
-        features = features_;
-        className = className_;
         Xf = X_;
         y = y_;
-        // Fills std::vectors Xv & yv with the data from tensors X_ (discretized) & y
-        states = fit_local_discretization(y);
-        // We have discretized the input data
-        // 1st we need to fit the model to build the normal SPODE structure, SPODE::fit initializes the base Bayesian network
-        SPODE::fit(dataset, features, className, states);
-        states = localDiscretizationProposal(states, model);
-        return *this;
+        return commonFit(features_, className_, states_);
     }
+
     SPODELd& SPODELd::fit(torch::Tensor& dataset, const std::vector<std::string>& features_, const std::string& className_, map<std::string, std::vector<int>>& states_)
     {
         if (!torch::is_floating_point(dataset)) {
             throw std::runtime_error("Dataset must be a floating point tensor");
         }
         Xf = dataset.index({ torch::indexing::Slice(0, dataset.size(0) - 1), "..." }).clone();
-        y = dataset.index({ -1, "..." }).clone();
+        y = dataset.index({ -1, "..." }).clone().to(torch::kInt32);
+        return commonFit(features_, className_, states_);
+    }
+
+    SPODELd& SPODELd::commonFit(const std::vector<std::string>& features_, const std::string& className_, map<std::string, std::vector<int>>& states_)
+    {
         features = features_;
         className = className_;
         // Fills std::vectors Xv & yv with the data from tensors X_ (discretized) & y
@@ -34,7 +38,6 @@ namespace bayesnet {
         states = localDiscretizationProposal(states, model);
         return *this;
     }
-
     torch::Tensor SPODELd::predict(torch::Tensor& X)
     {
         auto Xt = prepareX(X);

bayesnet/classifiers/SPODELd.h

@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #ifndef SPODELD_H
 #define SPODELD_H
 #include "SPODE.h"
@@ -10,6 +16,7 @@ namespace bayesnet {
         virtual ~SPODELd() = default;
         SPODELd& fit(torch::Tensor& X, torch::Tensor& y, const std::vector<std::string>& features, const std::string& className, map<std::string, std::vector<int>>& states) override;
         SPODELd& fit(torch::Tensor& dataset, const std::vector<std::string>& features, const std::string& className, map<std::string, std::vector<int>>& states) override;
+        SPODELd& commonFit(const std::vector<std::string>& features, const std::string& className, map<std::string, std::vector<int>>& states);
         std::vector<std::string> graph(const std::string& name = "SPODE") const override;
         torch::Tensor predict(torch::Tensor& X) override;
         static inline std::string version() { return "0.0.1"; };

bayesnet/classifiers/TAN.cc

@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #include "TAN.h"
 
 namespace bayesnet {

bayesnet/classifiers/TAN.h

@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #ifndef TAN_H
 #define TAN_H
 #include "Classifier.h"

bayesnet/classifiers/TANLd.cc

@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #include "TANLd.h"
 
 namespace bayesnet {

bayesnet/classifiers/TANLd.h

@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #ifndef TANLD_H
 #define TANLD_H
 #include "TAN.h"

bayesnet/ensembles/AODE.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
+#include "AODE.h"
+
+namespace bayesnet {
+    AODE::AODE(bool predict_voting) : Ensemble(predict_voting)
+    {
+        validHyperparameters = { "predict_voting" };
+
+    }
+    void AODE::setHyperparameters(const nlohmann::json& hyperparameters_)
+    {
+        auto hyperparameters = hyperparameters_;
+        if (hyperparameters.contains("predict_voting")) {
+            predict_voting = hyperparameters["predict_voting"];
+            hyperparameters.erase("predict_voting");
+        }
+        Classifier::setHyperparameters(hyperparameters);
+    }
+    void AODE::buildModel(const torch::Tensor& weights)
+    {
+        models.clear();
+        significanceModels.clear();
+        for (int i = 0; i < features.size(); ++i) {
+            models.push_back(std::make_unique<SPODE>(i));
+        }
+        n_models = models.size();
+        significanceModels = std::vector<double>(n_models, 1.0);
+    }
+    std::vector<std::string> AODE::graph(const std::string& title) const
+    {
+        return Ensemble::graph(title);
+    }
+}

bayesnet/ensembles/AODE.h

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
+#ifndef AODE_H
+#define AODE_H
+#include "bayesnet/classifiers/SPODE.h"
+#include "Ensemble.h"
+namespace bayesnet {
+    class AODE : public Ensemble {
+    public:
+        AODE(bool predict_voting = false);
+        virtual ~AODE() {};
+        void setHyperparameters(const nlohmann::json& hyperparameters) override;
+        std::vector<std::string> graph(const std::string& title = "AODE") const override;
+    protected:
+        void buildModel(const torch::Tensor& weights) override;
+    };
+}
+#endif

bayesnet/ensembles/AODELd.cc

@@ -1,7 +1,15 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #include "AODELd.h"
 
 namespace bayesnet {
-    AODELd::AODELd() : Ensemble(), Proposal(dataset, features, className) {}
+    AODELd::AODELd(bool predict_voting) : Ensemble(predict_voting), Proposal(dataset, features, className)
+    {
+    }
     AODELd& AODELd::fit(torch::Tensor& X_, torch::Tensor& y_, const std::vector<std::string>& features_, const std::string& className_, map<std::string, std::vector<int>>& states_)
     {
         checkInput(X_, y_);

bayesnet/ensembles/AODELd.h

@@ -1,20 +1,25 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #ifndef AODELD_H
 #define AODELD_H
+#include "bayesnet/classifiers/Proposal.h"
+#include "bayesnet/classifiers/SPODELd.h"
 #include "Ensemble.h"
-#include "Proposal.h"
-#include "SPODELd.h"
 
 namespace bayesnet {
     class AODELd : public Ensemble, public Proposal {
+    public:
+        AODELd(bool predict_voting = true);
+        virtual ~AODELd() = default;
+        AODELd& fit(torch::Tensor& X_, torch::Tensor& y_, const std::vector<std::string>& features_, const std::string& className_, map<std::string, std::vector<int>>& states_) override;
+        std::vector<std::string> graph(const std::string& name = "AODELd") const override;
     protected:
         void trainModel(const torch::Tensor& weights) override;
         void buildModel(const torch::Tensor& weights) override;
-    public:
-        AODELd();
-        AODELd& fit(torch::Tensor& X_, torch::Tensor& y_, const std::vector<std::string>& features_, const std::string& className_, map<std::string, std::vector<int>>& states_) override;
-        virtual ~AODELd() = default;
-        std::vector<std::string> graph(const std::string& name = "AODELd") const override;
-        static inline std::string version() { return "0.0.1"; };
     };
 }
 #endif // !AODELD_H

bayesnet/ensembles/BoostAODE.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,403 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
+#include <set>
+#include <functional>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <tuple>
+#include <folding.hpp>
+#include "bayesnet/feature_selection/CFS.h"
+#include "bayesnet/feature_selection/FCBF.h"
+#include "bayesnet/feature_selection/IWSS.h"
+#include "BoostAODE.h"
+
+#include "bayesnet/utils/loguru.cpp"
+
+namespace bayesnet {
+
+    BoostAODE::BoostAODE(bool predict_voting) : Ensemble(predict_voting)
+    {
+        validHyperparameters = {
+            "maxModels", "bisection", "order", "convergence", "threshold",
+            "select_features", "maxTolerance", "predict_voting", "block_update"
+        };
+
+    }
+    void BoostAODE::buildModel(const torch::Tensor& weights)
+    {
+        // Models shall be built in trainModel
+        models.clear();
+        significanceModels.clear();
+        n_models = 0;
+        // Prepare the validation dataset
+        auto y_ = dataset.index({ -1, "..." });
+        if (convergence) {
+            // Prepare train & validation sets from train data
+            auto fold = folding::StratifiedKFold(5, y_, 271);
+            auto [train, test] = fold.getFold(0);
+            auto train_t = torch::tensor(train);
+            auto test_t = torch::tensor(test);
+            // Get train and validation sets
+            X_train = dataset.index({ torch::indexing::Slice(0, dataset.size(0) - 1), train_t });
+            y_train = dataset.index({ -1, train_t });
+            X_test = dataset.index({ torch::indexing::Slice(0, dataset.size(0) - 1), test_t });
+            y_test = dataset.index({ -1, test_t });
+            dataset = X_train;
+            m = X_train.size(1);
+            auto n_classes = states.at(className).size();
+            // Build dataset with train data
+            buildDataset(y_train);
+            metrics = Metrics(dataset, features, className, n_classes);
+        } else {
+            // Use all data to train
+            X_train = dataset.index({ torch::indexing::Slice(0, dataset.size(0) - 1), "..." });
+            y_train = y_;
+        }
+    }
+    void BoostAODE::setHyperparameters(const nlohmann::json& hyperparameters_)
+    {
+        auto hyperparameters = hyperparameters_;
+        if (hyperparameters.contains("order")) {
+            std::vector<std::string> algos = { Orders.ASC, Orders.DESC, Orders.RAND };
+            order_algorithm = hyperparameters["order"];
+            if (std::find(algos.begin(), algos.end(), order_algorithm) == algos.end()) {
+                throw std::invalid_argument("Invalid order algorithm, valid values [" + Orders.ASC + ", " + Orders.DESC + ", " + Orders.RAND + "]");
+            }
+            hyperparameters.erase("order");
+        }
+        if (hyperparameters.contains("convergence")) {
+            convergence = hyperparameters["convergence"];
+            hyperparameters.erase("convergence");
+        }
+        if (hyperparameters.contains("bisection")) {
+            bisection = hyperparameters["bisection"];
+            hyperparameters.erase("bisection");
+        }
+        if (hyperparameters.contains("threshold")) {
+            threshold = hyperparameters["threshold"];
+            hyperparameters.erase("threshold");
+        }
+        if (hyperparameters.contains("maxTolerance")) {
+            maxTolerance = hyperparameters["maxTolerance"];
+            if (maxTolerance < 1 || maxTolerance > 4)
+                throw std::invalid_argument("Invalid maxTolerance value, must be greater in [1, 4]");
+            hyperparameters.erase("maxTolerance");
+        }
+        if (hyperparameters.contains("predict_voting")) {
+            predict_voting = hyperparameters["predict_voting"];
+            hyperparameters.erase("predict_voting");
+        }
+        if (hyperparameters.contains("select_features")) {
+            auto selectedAlgorithm = hyperparameters["select_features"];
+            std::vector<std::string> algos = { SelectFeatures.IWSS, SelectFeatures.CFS, SelectFeatures.FCBF };
+            selectFeatures = true;
+            select_features_algorithm = selectedAlgorithm;
+            if (std::find(algos.begin(), algos.end(), selectedAlgorithm) == algos.end()) {
+                throw std::invalid_argument("Invalid selectFeatures value, valid values [" + SelectFeatures.IWSS + ", " + SelectFeatures.CFS + ", " + SelectFeatures.FCBF + "]");
+            }
+            hyperparameters.erase("select_features");
+        }
+        if (hyperparameters.contains("block_update")) {
+            block_update = hyperparameters["block_update"];
+            hyperparameters.erase("block_update");
+        }
+        Classifier::setHyperparameters(hyperparameters);
+    }
+    std::tuple<torch::Tensor&, double, bool> update_weights(torch::Tensor& ytrain, torch::Tensor& ypred, torch::Tensor& weights)
+    {
+        bool terminate = false;
+        double alpha_t = 0;
+        auto mask_wrong = ypred != ytrain;
+        auto mask_right = ypred == ytrain;
+        auto masked_weights = weights * mask_wrong.to(weights.dtype());
+        double epsilon_t = masked_weights.sum().item<double>();
+        if (epsilon_t > 0.5) {
+            // Inverse the weights policy (plot ln(wt))
+            // "In each round of AdaBoost, there is a sanity check to ensure that the current base 
+            // learner is better than random guess" (Zhi-Hua Zhou, 2012)
+            terminate = true;
+        } else {
+            double wt = (1 - epsilon_t) / epsilon_t;
+            alpha_t = epsilon_t == 0 ? 1 : 0.5 * log(wt);
+            // Step 3.2: Update weights for next classifier
+            // Step 3.2.1: Update weights of wrong samples
+            weights += mask_wrong.to(weights.dtype()) * exp(alpha_t) * weights;
+            // Step 3.2.2: Update weights of right samples
+            weights += mask_right.to(weights.dtype()) * exp(-alpha_t) * weights;
+            // Step 3.3: Normalise the weights
+            double totalWeights = torch::sum(weights).item<double>();
+            weights = weights / totalWeights;
+        }
+        return { weights, alpha_t, terminate };
+    }
+    std::tuple<torch::Tensor&, double, bool> BoostAODE::update_weights_block(int k, torch::Tensor& ytrain, torch::Tensor& weights)
+    {
+        /* Update Block algorithm
+            k = # of models in block
+            n_models = # of models in ensemble to make predictions
+            n_models_bak = # models saved
+            models = vector of models to make predictions
+            models_bak = models not used to make predictions
+            significances_bak = backup of significances vector
+
+            Case list
+            A) k = 1, n_models = 1		=> n = 0 , n_models = n + k
+            B) k = 1, n_models = n + 1	=> n_models = n + k
+            C) k > 1, n_models = k + 1 	=> n= 1, n_models = n + k
+            D) k > 1, n_models = k		=> n = 0, n_models = n + k
+            E) k > 1, n_models = k + n	=> n_models = n + k
+
+            A, D) n=0, k > 0, n_models == k
+            1. n_models_bak <- n_models
+            2. significances_bak <- significances
+            3. significances = vector(k, 1)
+            4. Don’t move any classifiers out of models
+            5. n_models <- k
+            6. Make prediction, compute alpha, update weights
+            7. Don’t restore any classifiers to models
+            8. significances <- significances_bak
+            9. Update last k significances
+            10. n_models <- n_models_bak
+
+            B, C, E) n > 0, k > 0, n_models == n + k
+            1. n_models_bak <- n_models
+            2. significances_bak <- significances
+            3. significances = vector(k, 1)
+            4. Move first n classifiers to models_bak
+            5. n_models <- k
+            6. Make prediction, compute alpha, update weights
+            7. Insert classifiers in models_bak to be the first n models
+            8. significances <- significances_bak
+            9. Update last k significances
+            10. n_models <- n_models_bak
+        */
+        //
+        // Make predict with only the last k models
+        //
+        std::unique_ptr<Classifier> model;
+        std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Classifier>> models_bak;
+        // 1. n_models_bak <- n_models 2. significances_bak <- significances
+        auto significance_bak = significanceModels;
+        auto n_models_bak = n_models;
+        // 3. significances = vector(k, 1)
+        significanceModels = std::vector<double>(k, 1.0);
+        // 4. Move first n classifiers to models_bak
+        // backup the first n_models - k models (if n_models == k, don't backup any)
+        VLOG_SCOPE_F(1, "upd_weights_block n_models=%d k=%d", n_models, k);
+        for (int i = 0; i < n_models - k; ++i) {
+            model = std::move(models[0]);
+            models.erase(models.begin());
+            models_bak.push_back(std::move(model));
+        }
+        assert(models.size() == k);
+        // 5. n_models <- k
+        n_models = k;
+        // 6. Make prediction, compute alpha, update weights
+        auto ypred = predict(X_train);
+        //
+        // Update weights
+        //
+        double alpha_t;
+        bool terminate;
+        std::tie(weights, alpha_t, terminate) = update_weights(y_train, ypred, weights);
+        //
+        // Restore the models if needed
+        //
+        // 7. Insert classifiers in models_bak to be the first n models
+        // if n_models_bak == k, don't restore any, because none of them were moved
+        if (k != n_models_bak) {
+            // Insert in the same order as they were extracted
+            int bak_size = models_bak.size();
+            for (int i = 0; i < bak_size; ++i) {
+                model = std::move(models_bak[bak_size - 1 - i]);
+                models_bak.erase(models_bak.end() - 1);
+                models.insert(models.begin(), std::move(model));
+            }
+        }
+        // 8. significances <- significances_bak
+        significanceModels = significance_bak;
+        //
+        // Update the significance of the last k models
+        //
+        // 9. Update last k significances
+        for (int i = 0; i < k; ++i) {
+            significanceModels[n_models_bak - k + i] = alpha_t;
+        }
+        // 10. n_models <- n_models_bak
+        n_models = n_models_bak;
+        return { weights, alpha_t, terminate };
+    }
+    std::vector<int> BoostAODE::initializeModels()
+    {
+        std::vector<int> featuresUsed;
+        torch::Tensor weights_ = torch::full({ m }, 1.0 / m, torch::kFloat64);
+        int maxFeatures = 0;
+        if (select_features_algorithm == SelectFeatures.CFS) {
+            featureSelector = new CFS(dataset, features, className, maxFeatures, states.at(className).size(), weights_);
+        } else if (select_features_algorithm == SelectFeatures.IWSS) {
+            if (threshold < 0 || threshold >0.5) {
+                throw std::invalid_argument("Invalid threshold value for " + SelectFeatures.IWSS + " [0, 0.5]");
+            }
+            featureSelector = new IWSS(dataset, features, className, maxFeatures, states.at(className).size(), weights_, threshold);
+        } else if (select_features_algorithm == SelectFeatures.FCBF) {
+            if (threshold < 1e-7 || threshold > 1) {
+                throw std::invalid_argument("Invalid threshold value for " + SelectFeatures.FCBF + " [1e-7, 1]");
+            }
+            featureSelector = new FCBF(dataset, features, className, maxFeatures, states.at(className).size(), weights_, threshold);
+        }
+        featureSelector->fit();
+        auto cfsFeatures = featureSelector->getFeatures();
+        auto scores = featureSelector->getScores();
+        for (int i = 0; i < cfsFeatures.size(); ++i) {
+            LOG_F(INFO, "Feature: %d Score: %f", cfsFeatures[i], scores[i]);
+        }
+        for (const int& feature : cfsFeatures) {
+            featuresUsed.push_back(feature);
+            std::unique_ptr<Classifier> model = std::make_unique<SPODE>(feature);
+            model->fit(dataset, features, className, states, weights_);
+            models.push_back(std::move(model));
+            significanceModels.push_back(1.0); // They will be updated later in trainModel
+            n_models++;
+        }
+        notes.push_back("Used features in initialization: " + std::to_string(featuresUsed.size()) + " of " + std::to_string(features.size()) + " with " + select_features_algorithm);
+        delete featureSelector;
+        return featuresUsed;
+    }
+    void BoostAODE::trainModel(const torch::Tensor& weights)
+    {
+        //
+        // Logging setup
+        //
+        loguru::set_thread_name("BoostAODE");
+        loguru::g_stderr_verbosity = loguru::Verbosity_OFF;;
+        loguru::add_file("boostAODE.log", loguru::Truncate, loguru::Verbosity_MAX);
+        // Algorithm based on the adaboost algorithm for classification
+        // as explained in Ensemble methods (Zhi-Hua Zhou, 2012)
+        fitted = true;
+        double alpha_t = 0;
+        torch::Tensor weights_ = torch::full({ m }, 1.0 / m, torch::kFloat64);
+        bool finished = false;
+        std::vector<int> featuresUsed;
+        if (selectFeatures) {
+            featuresUsed = initializeModels();
+            auto ypred = predict(X_train);
+            std::tie(weights_, alpha_t, finished) = update_weights(y_train, ypred, weights_);
+            // Update significance of the models
+            for (int i = 0; i < n_models; ++i) {
+                significanceModels[i] = alpha_t;
+            }
+            if (finished) {
+                return;
+            }
+            LOG_F(INFO, "Initial models: %d", n_models);
+            LOG_F(INFO, "Significances: ");
+            for (int i = 0; i < n_models; ++i) {
+                LOG_F(INFO, "i=%d significance=%f", i, significanceModels[i]);
+            }
+        }
+        int numItemsPack = 0; // The counter of the models inserted in the current pack
+        // Variables to control the accuracy finish condition
+        double priorAccuracy = 0.0;
+        double improvement = 1.0;
+        double convergence_threshold = 1e-4;
+        int tolerance = 0; // number of times the accuracy is lower than the convergence_threshold
+        // Step 0: Set the finish condition
+        // epsilon sub t > 0.5 => inverse the weights policy
+        // validation error is not decreasing
+        // run out of features
+        bool ascending = order_algorithm == Orders.ASC;
+        std::mt19937 g{ 173 };
+        while (!finished) {
+            // Step 1: Build ranking with mutual information
+            auto featureSelection = metrics.SelectKBestWeighted(weights_, ascending, n); // Get all the features sorted
+            VLOG_SCOPE_F(1, "featureSelection.size: %zu featuresUsed.size: %zu", featureSelection.size(), featuresUsed.size());
+            if (order_algorithm == Orders.RAND) {
+                std::shuffle(featureSelection.begin(), featureSelection.end(), g);
+            }
+            // Remove used features
+            featureSelection.erase(remove_if(begin(featureSelection), end(featureSelection), [&](auto x)
+                { return std::find(begin(featuresUsed), end(featuresUsed), x) != end(featuresUsed);}),
+                end(featureSelection)
+            );
+            int k = pow(2, tolerance);
+            int counter = 0; // The model counter of the current pack
+            VLOG_SCOPE_F(1, "counter=%d k=%d featureSelection.size: %zu", counter, k, featureSelection.size());
+            while (counter++ < k && featureSelection.size() > 0) {
+                auto feature = featureSelection[0];
+                featureSelection.erase(featureSelection.begin());
+                std::unique_ptr<Classifier> model;
+                model = std::make_unique<SPODE>(feature);
+                model->fit(dataset, features, className, states, weights_);
+                alpha_t = 0.0;
+                if (!block_update) {
+                    auto ypred = model->predict(X_train);
+                    // Step 3.1: Compute the classifier amout of say
+                    std::tie(weights_, alpha_t, finished) = update_weights(y_train, ypred, weights_);
+                    if (finished) {
+                        VLOG_SCOPE_F(2, "** epsilon_t > 0.5 **");
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+                // Step 3.4: Store classifier and its accuracy to weigh its future vote
+                numItemsPack++;
+                featuresUsed.push_back(feature);
+                models.push_back(std::move(model));
+                significanceModels.push_back(alpha_t);
+                n_models++;
+                VLOG_SCOPE_F(2, "numItemsPack: %d n_models: %d featuresUsed: %zu", numItemsPack, n_models, featuresUsed.size());
+            }
+            if (block_update) {
+                std::tie(weights_, alpha_t, finished) = update_weights_block(k, y_train, weights_);
+            }
+            if (convergence && !finished) {
+                auto y_val_predict = predict(X_test);
+                double accuracy = (y_val_predict == y_test).sum().item<double>() / (double)y_test.size(0);
+                if (priorAccuracy == 0) {
+                    priorAccuracy = accuracy;
+                    VLOG_SCOPE_F(3, "First accuracy: %f", priorAccuracy);
+                } else {
+                    improvement = accuracy - priorAccuracy;
+                }
+                if (improvement < convergence_threshold) {
+                    VLOG_SCOPE_F(3, "(improvement<threshold) tolerance: %d numItemsPack: %d improvement: %f prior: %f current: %f", tolerance, numItemsPack, improvement, priorAccuracy, accuracy);
+                    tolerance++;
+                } else {
+                    VLOG_SCOPE_F(3, "*(improvement>=threshold) Reset. tolerance: %d numItemsPack: %d improvement: %f prior: %f current: %f", tolerance, numItemsPack, improvement, priorAccuracy, accuracy);
+                    tolerance = 0; // Reset the counter if the model performs better
+                    numItemsPack = 0;
+                }
+                // Keep the best accuracy until now as the prior accuracy
+                priorAccuracy = std::max(accuracy, priorAccuracy);
+                // priorAccuracy = accuracy;
+            }
+            VLOG_SCOPE_F(1, "tolerance: %d featuresUsed.size: %zu features.size: %zu", tolerance, featuresUsed.size(), features.size());
+            finished = finished || tolerance > maxTolerance || featuresUsed.size() == features.size();
+        }
+        if (tolerance > maxTolerance) {
+            if (numItemsPack < n_models) {
+                notes.push_back("Convergence threshold reached & " + std::to_string(numItemsPack) + " models eliminated");
+                VLOG_SCOPE_F(4, "Convergence threshold reached & %d models eliminated of %d", numItemsPack, n_models);
+                for (int i = 0; i < numItemsPack; ++i) {
+                    significanceModels.pop_back();
+                    models.pop_back();
+                    n_models--;
+                }
+            } else {
+                VLOG_SCOPE_F(4, "Convergence threshold reached & 0 models eliminated n_models=%d numItemsPack=%d", n_models, numItemsPack);
+                notes.push_back("Convergence threshold reached & 0 models eliminated");
+            }
+        }
+        if (featuresUsed.size() != features.size()) {
+            notes.push_back("Used features in train: " + std::to_string(featuresUsed.size()) + " of " + std::to_string(features.size()));
+            status = WARNING;
+        }
+        notes.push_back("Number of models: " + std::to_string(n_models));
+    }
+    std::vector<std::string> BoostAODE::graph(const std::string& title) const
+    {
+        return Ensemble::graph(title);
+    }
+}

bayesnet/ensembles/BoostAODE.h

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
+#ifndef BOOSTAODE_H
+#define BOOSTAODE_H
+#include <map>
+#include "bayesnet/classifiers/SPODE.h"
+#include "bayesnet/feature_selection/FeatureSelect.h"
+#include "Ensemble.h"
+namespace bayesnet {
+    struct {
+        std::string CFS = "CFS";
+        std::string FCBF = "FCBF";
+        std::string IWSS = "IWSS";
+    }SelectFeatures;
+    struct {
+        std::string ASC = "asc";
+        std::string DESC = "desc";
+        std::string RAND = "rand";
+    }Orders;
+    class BoostAODE : public Ensemble {
+    public:
+        BoostAODE(bool predict_voting = false);
+        virtual ~BoostAODE() = default;
+        std::vector<std::string> graph(const std::string& title = "BoostAODE") const override;
+        void setHyperparameters(const nlohmann::json& hyperparameters_) override;
+    protected:
+        void buildModel(const torch::Tensor& weights) override;
+        void trainModel(const torch::Tensor& weights) override;
+    private:
+        std::tuple<torch::Tensor&, double, bool> update_weights_block(int k, torch::Tensor& ytrain, torch::Tensor& weights);
+        std::vector<int> initializeModels();
+        torch::Tensor X_train, y_train, X_test, y_test;
+        // Hyperparameters
+        bool bisection = true; // if true, use bisection stratety to add k models at once to the ensemble
+        int maxTolerance = 3;
+        std::string order_algorithm; // order to process the KBest features asc, desc, rand
+        bool convergence = true; //if true, stop when the model does not improve
+        bool selectFeatures = false; // if true, use feature selection
+        std::string select_features_algorithm = Orders.DESC; // Selected feature selection algorithm
+        FeatureSelect* featureSelector = nullptr;
+        double threshold = -1;
+        bool block_update = false;
+    };
+}
+#endif

bayesnet/ensembles/Ensemble.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
+#include "Ensemble.h"
+
+namespace bayesnet {
+
+    Ensemble::Ensemble(bool predict_voting) : Classifier(Network()), n_models(0), predict_voting(predict_voting)
+    {
+
+    };
+    const std::string ENSEMBLE_NOT_FITTED = "Ensemble has not been fitted";
+    void Ensemble::trainModel(const torch::Tensor& weights)
+    {
+        n_models = models.size();
+        for (auto i = 0; i < n_models; ++i) {
+            // fit with std::vectors
+            models[i]->fit(dataset, features, className, states);
+        }
+    }
+    std::vector<int> Ensemble::compute_arg_max(std::vector<std::vector<double>>& X)
+    {
+        std::vector<int> y_pred;
+        for (auto i = 0; i < X.size(); ++i) {
+            auto max = std::max_element(X[i].begin(), X[i].end());
+            y_pred.push_back(std::distance(X[i].begin(), max));
+        }
+        return y_pred;
+    }
+    torch::Tensor Ensemble::compute_arg_max(torch::Tensor& X)
+    {
+        auto y_pred = torch::argmax(X, 1);
+        return y_pred;
+    }
+    torch::Tensor Ensemble::voting(torch::Tensor& votes)
+    {
+        // Convert m x n_models tensor to a m x n_class_states with voting probabilities
+        auto y_pred_ = votes.accessor<int, 2>();
+        std::vector<int> y_pred_final;
+        int numClasses = states.at(className).size();
+        // votes is m x n_models with the prediction of every model for each sample
+        auto result = torch::zeros({ votes.size(0), numClasses }, torch::kFloat32);
+        auto sum = std::reduce(significanceModels.begin(), significanceModels.end());
+        for (int i = 0; i < votes.size(0); ++i) {
+            // n_votes store in each index (value of class) the significance added by each model
+            // i.e. n_votes[0] contains how much value has the value 0 of class. That value is generated by the models predictions
+            std::vector<double> n_votes(numClasses, 0.0);
+            for (int j = 0; j < n_models; ++j) {
+                n_votes[y_pred_[i][j]] += significanceModels.at(j);
+            }
+            result[i] = torch::tensor(n_votes);
+        }
+        // To only do one division and gain precision
+        result /= sum;
+        return result;
+    }
+    std::vector<std::vector<double>> Ensemble::predict_proba(std::vector<std::vector<int>>& X)
+    {
+        if (!fitted) {
+            throw std::logic_error(ENSEMBLE_NOT_FITTED);
+        }
+        return predict_voting ? predict_average_voting(X) : predict_average_proba(X);
+    }
+    torch::Tensor Ensemble::predict_proba(torch::Tensor& X)
+    {
+        if (!fitted) {
+            throw std::logic_error(ENSEMBLE_NOT_FITTED);
+        }
+        return predict_voting ? predict_average_voting(X) : predict_average_proba(X);
+    }
+    std::vector<int> Ensemble::predict(std::vector<std::vector<int>>& X)
+    {
+        auto res = predict_proba(X);
+        return compute_arg_max(res);
+    }
+    torch::Tensor Ensemble::predict(torch::Tensor& X)
+    {
+        auto res = predict_proba(X);
+        return compute_arg_max(res);
+    }
+    torch::Tensor Ensemble::predict_average_proba(torch::Tensor& X)
+    {
+        auto n_states = models[0]->getClassNumStates();
+        torch::Tensor y_pred = torch::zeros({ X.size(1), n_states }, torch::kFloat32);
+        auto threads{ std::vector<std::thread>() };
+        std::mutex mtx;
+        for (auto i = 0; i < n_models; ++i) {
+            threads.push_back(std::thread([&, i]() {
+                auto ypredict = models[i]->predict_proba(X);
+                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mtx);
+                y_pred += ypredict * significanceModels[i];
+                }));
+        }
+        for (auto& thread : threads) {
+            thread.join();
+        }
+        auto sum = std::reduce(significanceModels.begin(), significanceModels.end());
+        y_pred /= sum;
+        return y_pred;
+    }
+    std::vector<std::vector<double>> Ensemble::predict_average_proba(std::vector<std::vector<int>>& X)
+    {
+        auto n_states = models[0]->getClassNumStates();
+        std::vector<std::vector<double>> y_pred(X[0].size(), std::vector<double>(n_states, 0.0));
+        auto threads{ std::vector<std::thread>() };
+        std::mutex mtx;
+        for (auto i = 0; i < n_models; ++i) {
+            threads.push_back(std::thread([&, i]() {
+                auto ypredict = models[i]->predict_proba(X);
+                assert(ypredict.size() == y_pred.size());
+                assert(ypredict[0].size() == y_pred[0].size());
+                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mtx);
+                // Multiply each prediction by the significance of the model and then add it to the final prediction
+                for (auto j = 0; j < ypredict.size(); ++j) {
+                    std::transform(y_pred[j].begin(), y_pred[j].end(), ypredict[j].begin(), y_pred[j].begin(),
+                        [significanceModels = significanceModels[i]](double x, double y) { return x + y * significanceModels; });
+                }
+                }));
+        }
+        for (auto& thread : threads) {
+            thread.join();
+        }
+        auto sum = std::reduce(significanceModels.begin(), significanceModels.end());
+        //Divide each element of the prediction by the sum of the significances
+        for (auto j = 0; j < y_pred.size(); ++j) {
+            std::transform(y_pred[j].begin(), y_pred[j].end(), y_pred[j].begin(), [sum](double x) { return x / sum; });
+        }
+        return y_pred;
+    }
+    std::vector<std::vector<double>> Ensemble::predict_average_voting(std::vector<std::vector<int>>& X)
+    {
+        torch::Tensor Xt = bayesnet::vectorToTensor(X, false);
+        auto y_pred = predict_average_voting(Xt);
+        std::vector<std::vector<double>> result = tensorToVectorDouble(y_pred);
+        return result;
+    }
+    torch::Tensor Ensemble::predict_average_voting(torch::Tensor& X)
+    {
+        // Build a m x n_models tensor with the predictions of each model
+        torch::Tensor y_pred = torch::zeros({ X.size(1), n_models }, torch::kInt32);
+        auto threads{ std::vector<std::thread>() };
+        std::mutex mtx;
+        for (auto i = 0; i < n_models; ++i) {
+            threads.push_back(std::thread([&, i]() {
+                auto ypredict = models[i]->predict(X);
+                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mtx);
+                y_pred.index_put_({ "...", i }, ypredict);
+                }));
+        }
+        for (auto& thread : threads) {
+            thread.join();
+        }
+        return voting(y_pred);
+    }
+    float Ensemble::score(torch::Tensor& X, torch::Tensor& y)
+    {
+        auto y_pred = predict(X);
+        int correct = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < y_pred.size(0); ++i) {
+            if (y_pred[i].item<int>() == y[i].item<int>()) {
+                correct++;
+            }
+        }
+        return (double)correct / y_pred.size(0);
+    }
+    float Ensemble::score(std::vector<std::vector<int>>& X, std::vector<int>& y)
+    {
+        auto y_pred = predict(X);
+        int correct = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < y_pred.size(); ++i) {
+            if (y_pred[i] == y[i]) {
+                correct++;
+            }
+        }
+        return (double)correct / y_pred.size();
+    }
+    std::vector<std::string> Ensemble::show() const
+    {
+        auto result = std::vector<std::string>();
+        for (auto i = 0; i < n_models; ++i) {
+            auto res = models[i]->show();
+            result.insert(result.end(), res.begin(), res.end());
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+    std::vector<std::string> Ensemble::graph(const std::string& title) const
+    {
+        auto result = std::vector<std::string>();
+        for (auto i = 0; i < n_models; ++i) {
+            auto res = models[i]->graph(title + "_" + std::to_string(i));
+            result.insert(result.end(), res.begin(), res.end());
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+    int Ensemble::getNumberOfNodes() const
+    {
+        int nodes = 0;
+        for (auto i = 0; i < n_models; ++i) {
+            nodes += models[i]->getNumberOfNodes();
+        }
+        return nodes;
+    }
+    int Ensemble::getNumberOfEdges() const
+    {
+        int edges = 0;
+        for (auto i = 0; i < n_models; ++i) {
+            edges += models[i]->getNumberOfEdges();
+        }
+        return edges;
+    }
+    int Ensemble::getNumberOfStates() const
+    {
+        int nstates = 0;
+        for (auto i = 0; i < n_models; ++i) {
+            nstates += models[i]->getNumberOfStates();
+        }
+        return nstates;
+    }
+}

bayesnet/ensembles/Ensemble.h

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
+#ifndef ENSEMBLE_H
+#define ENSEMBLE_H
+#include <torch/torch.h>
+#include "bayesnet/utils/BayesMetrics.h"
+#include "bayesnet/utils/bayesnetUtils.h"
+#include "bayesnet/classifiers/Classifier.h"
+
+namespace bayesnet {
+    class Ensemble : public Classifier {
+    public:
+        Ensemble(bool predict_voting = true);
+        virtual ~Ensemble() = default;
+        torch::Tensor predict(torch::Tensor& X) override;
+        std::vector<int> predict(std::vector<std::vector<int>>& X) override;
+        torch::Tensor predict_proba(torch::Tensor& X) override;
+        std::vector<std::vector<double>> predict_proba(std::vector<std::vector<int>>& X) override;
+        float score(torch::Tensor& X, torch::Tensor& y) override;
+        float score(std::vector<std::vector<int>>& X, std::vector<int>& y) override;
+        int getNumberOfNodes() const override;
+        int getNumberOfEdges() const override;
+        int getNumberOfStates() const override;
+        std::vector<std::string> show() const override;
+        std::vector<std::string> graph(const std::string& title) const override;
+        std::vector<std::string> topological_order()  override
+        {
+            return std::vector<std::string>();
+        }
+        std::string dump_cpt() const override
+        {
+            return "";
+        }
+    protected:
+        torch::Tensor predict_average_voting(torch::Tensor& X);
+        std::vector<std::vector<double>> predict_average_voting(std::vector<std::vector<int>>& X);
+        torch::Tensor predict_average_proba(torch::Tensor& X);
+        std::vector<std::vector<double>> predict_average_proba(std::vector<std::vector<int>>& X);
+        torch::Tensor compute_arg_max(torch::Tensor& X);
+        std::vector<int> compute_arg_max(std::vector<std::vector<double>>& X);
+        torch::Tensor voting(torch::Tensor& votes);
+        unsigned n_models;
+        std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Classifier>> models;
+        std::vector<double> significanceModels;
+        void trainModel(const torch::Tensor& weights) override;
+        bool predict_voting;
+    };
+}
+#endif

bayesnet/feature_selection/CFS.cc

@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
-#include "CFS.h"
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #include <limits>
-#include "bayesnetUtils.h"
+#include "bayesnet/utils/bayesnetUtils.h"
+#include "CFS.h"
 namespace bayesnet {
     void CFS::fit()
     {
@@ -11,7 +17,7 @@ namespace bayesnet {
         auto feature = featureOrder[0];
         selectedFeatures.push_back(feature);
         selectedScores.push_back(suLabels[feature]);
-        selectedFeatures.erase(selectedFeatures.begin());
+        featureOrder.erase(featureOrder.begin());
         while (continueCondition) {
             double merit = std::numeric_limits<double>::lowest();
             int bestFeature = -1;

bayesnet/feature_selection/CFS.h

@@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #ifndef CFS_H
 #define CFS_H
 #include <torch/torch.h>
 #include <vector>
-#include "FeatureSelect.h"
+#include "bayesnet/feature_selection/FeatureSelect.h"
 namespace bayesnet {
     class CFS : public FeatureSelect {
     public:

bayesnet/feature_selection/FCBF.cc

@@ -1,4 +1,10 @@
-#include "bayesnetUtils.h"
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
+#include "bayesnet/utils/bayesnetUtils.h"
 #include "FCBF.h"
 namespace bayesnet {
 

bayesnet/feature_selection/FCBF.h

@@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #ifndef FCBF_H
 #define FCBF_H
 #include <torch/torch.h>
 #include <vector>
-#include "FeatureSelect.h"
+#include "bayesnet/feature_selection/FeatureSelect.h"
 namespace bayesnet {
     class FCBF : public FeatureSelect {
     public:

bayesnet/feature_selection/FeatureSelect.cc

@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
-#include "FeatureSelect.h"
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #include <limits>
-#include "bayesnetUtils.h"
+#include "bayesnet/utils/bayesnetUtils.h"
+#include "FeatureSelect.h"
 namespace bayesnet {
     FeatureSelect::FeatureSelect(const torch::Tensor& samples, const std::vector<std::string>& features, const std::string& className, const int maxFeatures, const int classNumStates, const torch::Tensor& weights) :
         Metrics(samples, features, className, classNumStates), maxFeatures(maxFeatures == 0 ? samples.size(0) - 1 : maxFeatures), weights(weights)
@@ -50,7 +56,6 @@ namespace bayesnet {
     }
     double FeatureSelect::computeMeritCFS()
     {
-        double result;
         double rcf = 0;
         for (auto feature : selectedFeatures) {
             rcf += suLabels[feature];

bayesnet/feature_selection/FeatureSelect.h

@@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #ifndef FEATURE_SELECT_H
 #define FEATURE_SELECT_H
 #include <torch/torch.h>
 #include <vector>
-#include "BayesMetrics.h"
+#include "bayesnet/utils/BayesMetrics.h"
 namespace bayesnet {
     class FeatureSelect : public Metrics {
     public:

bayesnet/feature_selection/IWSS.cc

@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
-#include "IWSS.h"
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #include <limits>
-#include "bayesnetUtils.h"
+#include "bayesnet/utils/bayesnetUtils.h"
+#include "IWSS.h"
 namespace bayesnet {
     IWSS::IWSS(const torch::Tensor& samples, const std::vector<std::string>& features, const std::string& className, const int maxFeatures, const int classNumStates, const torch::Tensor& weights, const double threshold) :
         FeatureSelect(samples, features, className, maxFeatures, classNumStates, weights), threshold(threshold)
@@ -28,7 +34,7 @@ namespace bayesnet {
             selectedFeatures.push_back(feature);
             // Compute merit with selectedFeatures
             auto meritNew = computeMeritCFS();
-            double delta = merit != 0.0 ? abs(merit - meritNew) / merit : 0.0;
+            double delta = merit != 0.0 ? std::abs(merit - meritNew) / merit : 0.0;
             if (meritNew > merit || delta < threshold) {
                 if (meritNew > merit) {
                     merit = meritNew;

bayesnet/feature_selection/IWSS.h

@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #ifndef IWSS_H
 #define IWSS_H
-#include <torch/torch.h>
 #include <vector>
+#include <torch/torch.h>
 #include "FeatureSelect.h"
 namespace bayesnet {
     class IWSS : public FeatureSelect {

bayesnet/network/Network.cc

@@ -1,27 +1,41 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #include <thread>
 #include <mutex>
+#include <sstream>
 #include "Network.h"
-#include "bayesnetUtils.h"
+#include "bayesnet/utils/bayesnetUtils.h"
 namespace bayesnet {
-    Network::Network() : features(std::vector<std::string>()), className(""), classNumStates(0), fitted(false), laplaceSmoothing(0) {}
-    Network::Network(float maxT) : features(std::vector<std::string>()), className(""), classNumStates(0), maxThreads(maxT), fitted(false), laplaceSmoothing(0) {}
-    Network::Network(Network& other) : laplaceSmoothing(other.laplaceSmoothing), features(other.features), className(other.className), classNumStates(other.getClassNumStates()), maxThreads(other.
-        getmaxThreads()), fitted(other.fitted)
+    Network::Network() : fitted{ false }, maxThreads{ 0.95 }, classNumStates{ 0 }, laplaceSmoothing{ 0 }
     {
+    }
+    Network::Network(float maxT) : fitted{ false }, maxThreads{ maxT }, classNumStates{ 0 }, laplaceSmoothing{ 0 }
+    {
+
+    }
+    Network::Network(const Network& other) : laplaceSmoothing(other.laplaceSmoothing), features(other.features), className(other.className), classNumStates(other.getClassNumStates()),
+        maxThreads(other.getMaxThreads()), fitted(other.fitted), samples(other.samples)
+    {
+        if (samples.defined())
+            samples = samples.clone();
         for (const auto& node : other.nodes) {
             nodes[node.first] = std::make_unique<Node>(*node.second);
         }
     }
     void Network::initialize()
     {
-        features = std::vector<std::string>();
+        features.clear();
         className = "";
         classNumStates = 0;
         fitted = false;
         nodes.clear();
         samples = torch::Tensor();
     }
-    float Network::getmaxThreads()
+    float Network::getMaxThreads() const
     {
         return maxThreads;
     }
@@ -71,7 +85,7 @@ namespace bayesnet {
             for (Node* child : nodes[nodeId]->getChildren()) {
                 if (visited.find(child->getName()) == visited.end() && isCyclic(child->getName(), visited, recStack))
                     return true;
-                else if (recStack.find(child->getName()) != recStack.end())
+                if (recStack.find(child->getName()) != recStack.end())
                     return true;
             }
         }
@@ -114,11 +128,14 @@ namespace bayesnet {
         if (n_features != featureNames.size()) {
             throw std::invalid_argument("X and features must have the same number of features in Network::fit (" + std::to_string(n_features) + " != " + std::to_string(featureNames.size()) + ")");
         }
+        if (features.size() == 0) {
+            throw std::invalid_argument("The network has not been initialized. You must call addNode() before calling fit()");
+        }
         if (n_features != features.size() - 1) {
             throw std::invalid_argument("X and local features must have the same number of features in Network::fit (" + std::to_string(n_features) + " != " + std::to_string(features.size() - 1) + ")");
         }
         if (find(features.begin(), features.end(), className) == features.end()) {
-            throw std::invalid_argument("className not found in Network::features");
+            throw std::invalid_argument("Class Name not found in Network::features");
         }
         for (auto& feature : featureNames) {
             if (find(features.begin(), features.end(), feature) == features.end()) {
@@ -238,6 +255,7 @@ namespace bayesnet {
         return predictions;
     }
     // Return mxn std::vector of probabilities
+    // tsamples is nxm std::vector of samples
     std::vector<std::vector<double>> Network::predict_proba(const std::vector<std::vector<int>>& tsamples)
     {
         if (!fitted) {
@@ -403,11 +421,13 @@ namespace bayesnet {
         }
         return result;
     }
-    void Network::dump_cpt() const
+    std::string Network::dump_cpt() const
     {
+        std::stringstream oss;
         for (auto& node : nodes) {
-            std::cout << "* " << node.first << ": (" << node.second->getNumStates() << ") : " << node.second->getCPT().sizes() << std::endl;
-            std::cout << node.second->getCPT() << std::endl;
-        }
+            oss << "* " << node.first << ": (" << node.second->getNumStates() << ") : " << node.second->getCPT().sizes() << std::endl;
+            oss << node.second->getCPT() << std::endl;
+        }
+        return oss.str();
     }
 }

bayesnet/network/Network.h

@@ -1,35 +1,25 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #ifndef NETWORK_H
 #define NETWORK_H
-#include "Node.h"
 #include <map>
 #include <vector>
+#include "bayesnet/config.h"
+#include "Node.h"
 
 namespace bayesnet {
     class Network {
-    private:
-        std::map<std::string, std::unique_ptr<Node>> nodes;
-        bool fitted;
-        float maxThreads = 0.95;
-        int classNumStates;
-        std::vector<std::string> features; // Including classname
-        std::string className;
-        double laplaceSmoothing;
-        torch::Tensor samples; // nxm tensor used to fit the model
-        bool isCyclic(const std::string&, std::unordered_set<std::string>&, std::unordered_set<std::string>&);
-        std::vector<double> predict_sample(const std::vector<int>&);
-        std::vector<double> predict_sample(const torch::Tensor&);
-        std::vector<double> exactInference(std::map<std::string, int>&);
-        double computeFactor(std::map<std::string, int>&);
-        void completeFit(const std::map<std::string, std::vector<int>>& states, const torch::Tensor& weights);
-        void checkFitData(int n_features, int n_samples, int n_samples_y, const std::vector<std::string>& featureNames, const std::string& className, const std::map<std::string, std::vector<int>>& states, const torch::Tensor& weights);
-        void setStates(const std::map<std::string, std::vector<int>>&);
     public:
         Network();
         explicit Network(float);
-        explicit Network(Network&);
+        explicit Network(const Network&);
         ~Network() = default;
         torch::Tensor& getSamples();
-        float getmaxThreads();
+        float getMaxThreads() const;
         void addNode(const std::string&);
         void addEdge(const std::string&, const std::string&);
         std::map<std::string, std::unique_ptr<Node>>& getNodes();
@@ -55,8 +45,25 @@ namespace bayesnet {
         std::vector<std::string> show() const;
         std::vector<std::string> graph(const std::string& title) const; // Returns a std::vector of std::strings representing the graph in graphviz format
         void initialize();
-        void dump_cpt() const;
-        inline std::string version() { return "0.2.0"; }
+        std::string dump_cpt() const;
+        inline std::string version() { return  { project_version.begin(), project_version.end() }; }
+    private:
+        std::map<std::string, std::unique_ptr<Node>> nodes;
+        bool fitted;
+        float maxThreads = 0.95;
+        int classNumStates;
+        std::vector<std::string> features; // Including classname
+        std::string className;
+        double laplaceSmoothing;
+        torch::Tensor samples; // n+1xm tensor used to fit the model
+        bool isCyclic(const std::string&, std::unordered_set<std::string>&, std::unordered_set<std::string>&);
+        std::vector<double> predict_sample(const std::vector<int>&);
+        std::vector<double> predict_sample(const torch::Tensor&);
+        std::vector<double> exactInference(std::map<std::string, int>&);
+        double computeFactor(std::map<std::string, int>&);
+        void completeFit(const std::map<std::string, std::vector<int>>& states, const torch::Tensor& weights);
+        void checkFitData(int n_features, int n_samples, int n_samples_y, const std::vector<std::string>& featureNames, const std::string& className, const std::map<std::string, std::vector<int>>& states, const torch::Tensor& weights);
+        void setStates(const std::map<std::string, std::vector<int>>&);
     };
 }
 #endif

bayesnet/network/Node.cc

@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #include "Node.h"
 
 namespace bayesnet {

bayesnet/network/Node.h

@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #ifndef NODE_H
 #define NODE_H
-#include <torch/torch.h>
 #include <unordered_set>
 #include <vector>
 #include <string>
+#include <torch/torch.h>
 namespace bayesnet {
     class Node {
     private:

bayesnet/utils/BayesMetrics.cc

@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
-#include "BayesMetrics.h"
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #include "Mst.h"
+#include "BayesMetrics.h"
 namespace bayesnet {
     //samples is n+1xm tensor used to fit the model
     Metrics::Metrics(const torch::Tensor& samples, const std::vector<std::string>& features, const std::string& className, const int classNumStates)
@@ -9,12 +15,12 @@ namespace bayesnet {
         , classNumStates(classNumStates)
     {
     }
-    //samples is nxm std::vector used to fit the model
+    //samples is n+1xm std::vector used to fit the model
     Metrics::Metrics(const std::vector<std::vector<int>>& vsamples, const std::vector<int>& labels, const std::vector<std::string>& features, const std::string& className, const int classNumStates)
         : features(features)
         , className(className)
         , classNumStates(classNumStates)
-        , samples(torch::zeros({ static_cast<int>(vsamples[0].size()), static_cast<int>(vsamples.size() + 1) }, torch::kInt32))
+        , samples(torch::zeros({ static_cast<int>(vsamples.size() + 1), static_cast<int>(vsamples[0].size()) }, torch::kInt32))
     {
         for (int i = 0; i < vsamples.size(); ++i) {
             samples.index_put_({ i,  "..." }, torch::tensor(vsamples[i], torch::kInt32));
@@ -24,7 +30,7 @@ namespace bayesnet {
     std::vector<int> Metrics::SelectKBestWeighted(const torch::Tensor& weights, bool ascending, unsigned k)
     {
         // Return the K Best features 
-        auto n = samples.size(0) - 1;
+        auto n = features.size();
         if (k == 0) {
             k = n;
         }

bayesnet/utils/BayesMetrics.h

@@ -1,15 +1,26 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #ifndef BAYESNET_METRICS_H
 #define BAYESNET_METRICS_H
-#include <torch/torch.h>
 #include <vector>
 #include <string>
+#include <torch/torch.h>
 namespace bayesnet {
     class Metrics {
-    private:
-        int classNumStates = 0;
-        std::vector<double> scoresKBest;
-        std::vector<int> featuresKBest; // sorted indices of the features
-        double conditionalEntropy(const torch::Tensor& firstFeature, const torch::Tensor& secondFeature, const torch::Tensor& weights);
+    public:
+        Metrics() = default;
+        Metrics(const torch::Tensor& samples, const std::vector<std::string>& features, const std::string& className, const int classNumStates);
+        Metrics(const std::vector<std::vector<int>>& vsamples, const std::vector<int>& labels, const std::vector<std::string>& features, const std::string& className, const int classNumStates);
+        std::vector<int> SelectKBestWeighted(const torch::Tensor& weights, bool ascending = false, unsigned k = 0);
+        std::vector<double> getScoresKBest() const;
+        double mutualInformation(const torch::Tensor& firstFeature, const torch::Tensor& secondFeature, const torch::Tensor& weights);
+        std::vector<float> conditionalEdgeWeights(std::vector<float>& weights); // To use in Python
+        torch::Tensor conditionalEdge(const torch::Tensor& weights);
+        std::vector<std::pair<int, int>> maximumSpanningTree(const std::vector<std::string>& features, const torch::Tensor& weights, const int root);
     protected:
         torch::Tensor samples; // n+1xm torch::Tensor used to fit the model where samples[-1] is the y std::vector
         std::string className;
@@ -34,16 +45,11 @@ namespace bayesnet {
             v.erase(v.begin());
             return temp;
         }
-    public:
-        Metrics() = default;
-        Metrics(const torch::Tensor& samples, const std::vector<std::string>& features, const std::string& className, const int classNumStates);
-        Metrics(const std::vector<std::vector<int>>& vsamples, const std::vector<int>& labels, const std::vector<std::string>& features, const std::string& className, const int classNumStates);
-        std::vector<int> SelectKBestWeighted(const torch::Tensor& weights, bool ascending = false, unsigned k = 0);
-        std::vector<double> getScoresKBest() const;
-        double mutualInformation(const torch::Tensor& firstFeature, const torch::Tensor& secondFeature, const torch::Tensor& weights);
-        std::vector<float> conditionalEdgeWeights(std::vector<float>& weights); // To use in Python
-        torch::Tensor conditionalEdge(const torch::Tensor& weights);
-        std::vector<std::pair<int, int>> maximumSpanningTree(const std::vector<std::string>& features, const torch::Tensor& weights, const int root);
+    private:
+        int classNumStates = 0;
+        std::vector<double> scoresKBest;
+        std::vector<int> featuresKBest; // sorted indices of the features
+        double conditionalEntropy(const torch::Tensor& firstFeature, const torch::Tensor& secondFeature, const torch::Tensor& weights);
     };
 }
 #endif

bayesnet/utils/Mst.cc

@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
-#include "Mst.h"
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
+#include <sstream>
 #include <vector>
 #include <list>
+#include "Mst.h"
 /*
     Based on the code from https://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/minimum-spanning-tree-tutorial/
 
@@ -45,15 +52,6 @@ namespace bayesnet {
             }
         }
     }
-    void Graph::display_mst()
-    {
-        std::cout << "Edge :" << " Weight" << std::endl;
-        for (int i = 0; i < T.size(); i++) {
-            std::cout << T[i].second.first << " - " << T[i].second.second << " : "
-                << T[i].first;
-            std::cout << std::endl;
-        }
-    }
 
     void insertElement(std::list<int>& variables, int variable)
     {

bayesnet/utils/Mst.h

@@ -1,33 +1,38 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
 #ifndef MST_H
 #define MST_H
-#include <torch/torch.h>
 #include <vector>
 #include <string>
+#include <torch/torch.h>
 namespace bayesnet {
     class MST {
-    private:
-        torch::Tensor weights;
-        std::vector<std::string> features;
-        int root = 0;
     public:
         MST() = default;
         MST(const std::vector<std::string>& features, const torch::Tensor& weights, const int root);
         std::vector<std::pair<int, int>> maximumSpanningTree();
+    private:
+        torch::Tensor weights;
+        std::vector<std::string> features;
+        int root = 0;
     };
     class Graph {
-    private:
-        int V;      // number of nodes in graph
-        std::vector <std::pair<float, std::pair<int, int>>> G; // std::vector for graph
-        std::vector <std::pair<float, std::pair<int, int>>> T; // std::vector for mst
-        std::vector<int> parent;
     public:
         explicit Graph(int V);
         void addEdge(int u, int v, float wt);
         int find_set(int i);
         void union_set(int u, int v);
         void kruskal_algorithm();
-        void display_mst();
         std::vector <std::pair<float, std::pair<int, int>>> get_mst() { return T; }
+    private:
+        int V;      // number of nodes in graph
+        std::vector <std::pair<float, std::pair<int, int>>> G; // std::vector for graph
+        std::vector <std::pair<float, std::pair<int, int>>> T; // std::vector for mst
+        std::vector<int> parent;
     };
 }
 #endif

bayesnet/utils/bayesnetUtils.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
+
+#include "bayesnetUtils.h"
+namespace bayesnet {
+    // Return the indices in descending order
+    std::vector<int> argsort(std::vector<double>& nums)
+    {
+        int n = nums.size();
+        std::vector<int> indices(n);
+        iota(indices.begin(), indices.end(), 0);
+        sort(indices.begin(), indices.end(), [&nums](int i, int j) {return nums[i] > nums[j];});
+        return indices;
+    }
+    std::vector<std::vector<double>> tensorToVectorDouble(torch::Tensor& dtensor)
+    {
+        // convert mxn tensor to mxn std::vector
+        std::vector<std::vector<double>> result;
+        // Iterate over cols
+        for (int i = 0; i < dtensor.size(0); ++i) {
+            auto col_tensor = dtensor.index({ i, "..." });
+            auto col = std::vector<double>(col_tensor.data_ptr<float>(), col_tensor.data_ptr<float>() + dtensor.size(1));
+            result.push_back(col);
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+    torch::Tensor vectorToTensor(std::vector<std::vector<int>>& vector, bool transpose)
+    {
+        // convert nxm std::vector to mxn tensor if transpose
+        long int m = transpose ? vector[0].size() : vector.size();
+        long int n = transpose ? vector.size() : vector[0].size();
+        auto tensor = torch::zeros({ m, n }, torch::kInt32);
+        for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
+                tensor[i][j] = transpose ? vector[j][i] : vector[i][j];
+            }
+        }
+        return tensor;
+    }
+}

bayesnet/utils/bayesnetUtils.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
+#ifndef BAYESNET_UTILS_H
+#define BAYESNET_UTILS_H
+#include <vector>
+#include <torch/torch.h>
+namespace bayesnet {
+    std::vector<int> argsort(std::vector<double>& nums);
+    std::vector<std::vector<double>> tensorToVectorDouble(torch::Tensor& dtensor);
+    torch::Tensor vectorToTensor(std::vector<std::vector<int>>& vector, bool transpose = true);
+}
+#endif //BAYESNET_UTILS_H

config/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 configure_file(
   "config.h.in"
-  "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/configured_files/include/config.h" ESCAPE_QUOTES
+  "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/configured_files/include/bayesnet/config.h" ESCAPE_QUOTES
 )

config/config.h.in

@@ -11,3 +11,4 @@ static constexpr std::string_view project_name = " @PROJECT_NAME@ ";
 static constexpr std::string_view project_version = "@PROJECT_VERSION@";
 static constexpr std::string_view project_description = "@PROJECT_DESCRIPTION@";
 static constexpr std::string_view git_sha = "@GIT_SHA@";
+static constexpr std::string_view data_path = "@BayesNet_SOURCE_DIR@/tests/data/";

data/glass.net

@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-Type Si
-Type Fe
-Type RI
-Type Na
-Type Ba
-Type Ca
-Type Al
-Type K
-Type Mg
-Fe RI
-Fe Ba
-Fe Ca
-RI Na
-RI Ba
-RI Ca
-RI Al
-RI K
-RI Mg
-Ba Ca
-Ba Al
-Ca Al
-Ca K
-Ca Mg
-Al K
-K Mg

data/mfeat-factors-kdb2.net

@@ -1,645 +0,0 @@
-class att215
-class att25
-class att131
-class att95
-class att122
-class att17
-class att28
-class att5
-class att121
-class att214
-class att197
-class att116
-class att182
-class att60
-class att168
-class att178
-class att206
-class att89
-class att77
-class att209
-class att73
-class att126
-class att16
-class att74
-class att27
-class att61
-class att20
-class att101
-class att85
-class att76
-class att137
-class att211
-class att143
-class att14
-class att40
-class att210
-class att155
-class att170
-class att160
-class att23
-class att162
-class att203
-class att164
-class att107
-class att62
-class att42
-class att71
-class att128
-class att138
-class att83
-class att171
-class att92
-class att163
-class att49
-class att161
-class att158
-class att176
-class att11
-class att145
-class att4
-class att172
-class att196
-class att58
-class att68
-class att169
-class att80
-class att32
-class att175
-class att87
-class att88
-class att159
-class att18
-class att52
-class att98
-class att136
-class att150
-class att156
-class att110
-class att100
-class att63
-class att148
-class att90
-class att167
-class att35
-class att205
-class att51
-class att21
-class att142
-class att46
-class att134
-class att39
-class att102
-class att208
-class att130
-class att149
-class att96
-class att75
-class att118
-class att78
-class att213
-class att112
-class att38
-class att174
-class att189
-class att70
-class att179
-class att59
-class att79
-class att15
-class att47
-class att124
-class att34
-class att54
-class att191
-class att86
-class att56
-class att151
-class att66
-class att173
-class att44
-class att198
-class att139
-class att216
-class att129
-class att152
-class att69
-class att81
-class att50
-class att153
-class att41
-class att204
-class att188
-class att26
-class att13
-class att117
-class att114
-class att10
-class att64
-class att200
-class att9
-class att3
-class att119
-class att45
-class att104
-class att140
-class att30
-class att183
-class att146
-class att141
-class att202
-class att194
-class att24
-class att147
-class att8
-class att212
-class att123
-class att166
-class att187
-class att127
-class att190
-class att105
-class att106
-class att184
-class att82
-class att2
-class att135
-class att154
-class att111
-class att115
-class att99
-class att22
-class att84
-class att207
-class att94
-class att177
-class att103
-class att93
-class att201
-class att43
-class att36
-class att12
-class att125
-class att165
-class att180
-class att195
-class att157
-class att48
-class att6
-class att113
-class att193
-class att91
-class att72
-class att31
-class att132
-class att33
-class att57
-class att144
-class att192
-class att185
-class att37
-class att53
-class att120
-class att186
-class att199
-class att65
-class att108
-class att133
-class att29
-class att19
-class att7
-class att97
-class att67
-class att55
-class att1
-class att109
-class att181
-att215 att25
-att215 att131
-att215 att95
-att25 att131
-att25 att121
-att25 att73
-att25 att61
-att25 att85
-att25 att169
-att25 att13
-att131 att95
-att131 att122
-att131 att17
-att131 att28
-att131 att121
-att131 att214
-att131 att116
-att131 att126
-att131 att143
-att95 att122
-att95 att17
-att95 att28
-att95 att5
-att95 att214
-att95 att116
-att95 att60
-att95 att143
-att95 att155
-att95 att71
-att122 att182
-att122 att170
-att17 att5
-att17 att197
-att17 att89
-att17 att77
-att17 att161
-att28 att206
-att28 att16
-att28 att76
-att28 att172
-att28 att124
-att28 att64
-att5 att197
-att5 att89
-att5 att209
-att121 att73
-att214 att178
-att214 att58
-att214 att142
-att197 att209
-att197 att101
-att116 att182
-att116 att60
-att116 att168
-att116 att178
-att116 att206
-att116 att126
-att116 att16
-att116 att27
-att116 att20
-att116 att211
-att116 att164
-att116 att128
-att182 att27
-att182 att14
-att60 att168
-att60 att156
-att168 att156
-att168 att96
-att178 att20
-att178 att58
-att178 att142
-att178 att130
-att206 att74
-att206 att170
-att206 att158
-att89 att77
-att89 att137
-att89 att149
-att89 att173
-att77 att137
-att77 att161
-att209 att101
-att209 att41
-att73 att61
-att73 att157
-att126 att162
-att126 att138
-att126 att150
-att16 att74
-att16 att76
-att16 att40
-att16 att4
-att74 att14
-att74 att62
-att27 att171
-att61 att85
-att61 att169
-att20 att211
-att20 att210
-att20 att164
-att20 att176
-att101 att41
-att85 att13
-att76 att40
-att76 att160
-att137 att149
-att211 att210
-att211 att162
-att211 att171
-att211 att163
-att211 att175
-att211 att79
-att143 att155
-att143 att23
-att143 att71
-att143 att83
-att143 att11
-att14 att98
-att40 att160
-att40 att4
-att40 att196
-att40 att52
-att210 att42
-att210 att114
-att155 att23
-att155 att203
-att155 att107
-att155 att11
-att170 att158
-att160 att52
-att23 att203
-att162 att138
-att162 att18
-att162 att150
-att162 att90
-att162 att174
-att203 att107
-att203 att49
-att203 att59
-att203 att191
-att203 att119
-att164 att62
-att164 att42
-att164 att128
-att164 att92
-att164 att163
-att164 att176
-att164 att145
-att164 att68
-att164 att80
-att164 att98
-att164 att110
-att164 att205
-att164 att21
-att164 att213
-att164 att112
-att164 att38
-att164 att56
-att164 att44
-att107 att59
-att107 att47
-att107 att191
-att71 att83
-att71 att167
-att71 att35
-att128 att92
-att138 att18
-att83 att167
-att171 att87
-att171 att159
-att171 att63
-att171 att51
-att171 att39
-att171 att75
-att163 att49
-att163 att175
-att163 att87
-att163 att79
-att163 att151
-att163 att139
-att163 att187
-att163 att91
-att161 att173
-att176 att145
-att176 att172
-att176 att68
-att176 att80
-att176 att32
-att176 att110
-att176 att205
-att176 att21
-att176 att134
-att176 att56
-att4 att196
-att4 att88
-att4 att136
-att4 att100
-att4 att148
-att4 att208
-att172 att112
-att172 att184
-att196 att88
-att196 att136
-att196 att100
-att196 att208
-att58 att46
-att68 att32
-att32 att200
-att87 att159
-att87 att63
-att87 att75
-att87 att15
-att87 att99
-att159 att195
-att18 att90
-att18 att102
-att18 att78
-att18 att198
-att52 att124
-att98 att86
-att150 att174
-att150 att66
-att156 att96
-att156 att216
-att156 att204
-att156 att24
-att156 att84
-att100 att148
-att63 att51
-att63 att3
-att63 att183
-att90 att102
-att90 att78
-att167 att35
-att167 att179
-att35 att179
-att51 att39
-att51 att3
-att21 att134
-att21 att213
-att21 att38
-att21 att189
-att21 att129
-att21 att81
-att21 att117
-att21 att9
-att142 att46
-att142 att130
-att142 att118
-att142 att10
-att142 att202
-att142 att190
-att142 att106
-att46 att70
-att46 att34
-att46 att166
-att134 att2
-att102 att54
-att130 att118
-att130 att10
-att130 att202
-att149 att125
-att96 att216
-att96 att24
-att75 att15
-att75 att99
-att118 att70
-att78 att198
-att213 att189
-att38 att50
-att38 att26
-att174 att54
-att174 att66
-att174 att30
-att189 att86
-att189 att129
-att189 att69
-att189 att81
-att189 att153
-att189 att117
-att189 att9
-att189 att45
-att189 att105
-att70 att34
-att59 att47
-att79 att151
-att79 att139
-att79 att187
-att79 att127
-att79 att103
-att79 att43
-att79 att91
-att79 att19
-att124 att64
-att54 att114
-att54 att30
-att191 att119
-att86 att194
-att56 att44
-att56 att152
-att56 att50
-att56 att188
-att56 att26
-att56 att104
-att56 att140
-att56 att146
-att56 att194
-att56 att8
-att56 att2
-att56 att133
-att56 att1
-att173 att125
-att173 att113
-att44 att152
-att44 att188
-att44 att200
-att44 att212
-att44 att1
-att139 att103
-att139 att43
-att139 att31
-att139 att199
-att139 att7
-att216 att204
-att216 att36
-att216 att12
-att216 att180
-att216 att108
-att129 att69
-att152 att140
-att69 att153
-att81 att45
-att153 att141
-att41 att53
-att204 att12
-att13 att157
-att114 att6
-att114 att186
-att10 att190
-att64 att184
-att200 att104
-att9 att146
-att9 att141
-att9 att177
-att9 att37
-att9 att133
-att9 att109
-att9 att181
-att3 att183
-att3 att147
-att3 att123
-att3 att135
-att3 att111
-att45 att105
-att45 att177
-att45 att93
-att45 att201
-att45 att193
-att45 att37
-att45 att97
-att140 att8
-att30 att6
-att183 att147
-att183 att123
-att202 att166
-att202 att106
-att202 att82
-att24 att84
-att24 att36
-att147 att135
-att8 att212
-att166 att82
-att187 att127
-att187 att115
-att127 att115
-att105 att93
-att106 att154
-att82 att154
-att82 att22
-att135 att111
-att135 att207
-att154 att22
-att154 att94
-att111 att207
-att22 att94
-att84 att48
-att177 att165
-att103 att195
-att103 att109
-att93 att201
-att93 att165
-att93 att193
-att93 att33
-att201 att33
-att201 att57
-att36 att180
-att36 att72
-att36 att132
-att36 att144
-att125 att113
-att125 att185
-att125 att65
-att125 att29
-att180 att48
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data/mfeat-factors-kdb3.net

@@ -1,859 +0,0 @@
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-

data/mfeat-factors.net

@@ -1,859 +0,0 @@
-class att215
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-

docs/BoostAODE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# BoostAODE Algorithm Operation
+
+## Hyperparameters
+
+The hyperparameters defined in the algorithm are:
+
+- ***bisection*** (*boolean*): If set to true allows the algorithm to add *k* models at once (as specified in the algorithm) to the ensemble. Default value: *true*.
+
+- ***order*** (*{"asc", "desc", "rand"}*): Sets the order (ascending/descending/random) in which dataset variables will be processed to choose the parents of the *SPODEs*. Default value: *"desc"*.
+
+- ***block_update*** (*boolean*): Sets whether the algorithm will update the weights of the models in blocks. If set to false, the algorithm will update the weights of the models one by one. Default value: *false*.
+
+- ***convergence*** (*boolean*): Sets whether the convergence of the result will be used as a termination condition. If this hyperparameter is set to true, the training dataset passed to the model is divided into two sets, one serving as training data and the other as a test set (so the original test partition will become a validation partition in this case). The partition is made by taking the first partition generated by a process of generating a 5 fold partition with stratification using a predetermined seed. The exit condition used in this *convergence* is that the difference between the accuracy obtained by the current model and that obtained by the previous model is greater than *1e-4*; otherwise, one will be added to the number of models that worsen the result (see next hyperparameter). Default value: *true*.
+
+- ***maxTolerance*** (*int*): Sets the maximum number of models that can worsen the result without constituting a termination condition. if ***bisection*** is set to *true*, the value of this hyperparameter will be exponent of base 2 to compute the number of models to insert at once. Default value: *3*
+
+- ***select_features*** (*{"IWSS", "FCBF", "CFS", ""}*): Selects the variable selection method to be used to build initial models for the ensemble that will be included without considering any of the other exit conditions. Once the models of the selected variables are built, the algorithm will update the weights using the ensemble and set the significance of all the models built with the same &alpha;<sub>t</sub>. Default value: *""*.
+
+- ***threshold*** (*double*): Sets the necessary value for the IWSS and FCBF algorithms to function. Accepted values are:
+  - IWSS: $threshold \in [0, 0.5]$
+  - FCBF: $threshold \in [10^{-7}, 1]$
+
+  Default value is *-1* so every time any of those algorithms are called, the threshold has to be set to the desired value.
+
+- ***predict_voting*** (*boolean*): Sets whether the algorithm will use *model voting* to predict the result. If set to false, the weighted average of the probabilities of each model's prediction will be used. Default value: *false*.
+
+## Operation
+
+### [Algorithm](./algorithm.md)

docs/algorithm.md

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+# Algorithm
+
+- // notation
+
+- $n$ features ${\cal{X}} = \{X_1, \dots, X_n\}$ and the class $Y$
+
+- $m$ instances.
+
+- $D = \{ (x_1^i, \dots, x_n^i, y^i) \}_{i=1}^{m}$
+
+- $W$ a weights vector. $W_0$ are the initial weights.
+
+- $D[W]$ dataset with weights $W$ for the instances.
+
+1. // initialization
+
+2. $W_0 \leftarrow (w_1, \dots, w_m) \leftarrow 1/m$
+
+3. $W \leftarrow W_0$
+
+4. $Vars \leftarrow {\cal{X}}$
+
+5. $\delta \leftarrow 10^{-4}$
+
+6. $convergence \leftarrow True$ // hyperparameter
+
+7. $maxTolerancia \leftarrow 3$ // hyperparameter
+
+8. $bisection \leftarrow False$ // hyperparameter
+
+9. $finished \leftarrow False$
+
+10. $AODE \leftarrow \emptyset$ // the ensemble
+
+11. $tolerance \leftarrow 0$
+
+12. $numModelsInPack \leftarrow 0$
+
+13. $maxAccuracy \leftarrow -1$
+
+14.
+
+15. // main loop
+
+16. While $(\lnot finished)$
+
+    1. $\pi \leftarrow SortFeatures(Vars, criterio, D[W])$
+
+    2. $k \leftarrow 2^{tolerance}$
+
+    3. if ($tolerance == 0$) $numItemsPack \leftarrow0$
+
+    4. $P \leftarrow Head(\pi,k)$ // first k features in order
+
+    5. $spodes \leftarrow \emptyset$
+
+    6. $i \leftarrow 0$
+
+    7. While ($i < size(P)$)
+
+        1. $X \leftarrow P[i]$
+
+        2. $i \leftarrow i + 1$
+
+        3. $numItemsPack \leftarrow numItemsPack + 1$
+
+        4. $Vars.remove(X)$
+
+        5. $spode \leftarrow BuildSpode(X, {\cal{X}}, D[W])$
+
+        6. $\hat{y}[] \leftarrow spode.Predict(D)$
+
+        7. $\epsilon \leftarrow error(\hat{y}[], y[])$
+
+        8. $\alpha \leftarrow \frac{1}{2} ln \left ( \frac{1-\epsilon}{\epsilon} \right )$
+
+        9. if ($\epsilon > 0.5$)
+
+            1. $finished \leftarrow True$
+
+            2. break
+
+        10. $spodes.add( (spode,\alpha_t) )$
+
+        11. $W \leftarrow UpdateWeights(W,\alpha,y[],\hat{y}[])$
+
+    8. $AODE.add( spodes )$
+
+    9. if ($convergence \land \lnot finished$)
+
+        1. $\hat{y}[] \leftarrow AODE.Predict(D)$
+
+        2. $actualAccuracy \leftarrow accuracy(\hat{y}[], y[])$
+
+        3. $if (maxAccuracy == -1)\; maxAccuracy \leftarrow actualAccuracy$
+
+        4. if $((accuracy - maxAccuracy) < \delta)$ // result doesn't
+            improve enough
+
+            1. $tolerance \leftarrow tolerance + 1$
+
+        5. else
+
+            1. $tolerance \leftarrow 0$
+
+            2. $numItemsPack \leftarrow 0$
+
+    10. If
+        $(Vars == \emptyset \lor tolerance>maxTolerance) \; finished \leftarrow True$
+
+    11. $lastAccuracy \leftarrow max(lastAccuracy, actualAccuracy)$
+
+17. if ($tolerance > maxTolerance$) // algorithm finished because of
+    lack of convergence
+
+    1. $removeModels(AODE, numItemsPack)$
+
+18. Return $AODE$

docs/algorithm.tex

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+\section{Algorithm}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item[] // notation
+\item $n$ features ${\cal{X}} = \{X_1, \dots, X_n\}$ and the class $Y$
+\item $m$ instances. 
+\item $D = \{ (x_1^i, \dots, x_n^i, y^i) \}_{i=1}^{m}$
+\item $W$ a weights vector. $W_0$ are the initial weights.
+\item $D[W]$ dataset with weights $W$ for the instances.
+\end{itemize}
+\bigskip
+
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item[] // initialization
+\item $W_0 \leftarrow (w_1, \dots, w_m) \leftarrow 1/m$
+\item $W \leftarrow W_0$
+\item $Vars \leftarrow {\cal{X}}$
+\item $\delta \leftarrow 10^{-4}$
+\item $convergence \leftarrow True$ // hyperparameter
+\item $maxTolerancia \leftarrow 3$ // hyperparameter
+\item $bisection \leftarrow False$ // hyperparameter
+\item $finished \leftarrow False$
+\item $AODE \leftarrow \emptyset$ \hspace*{2cm} // the ensemble
+\item $tolerance \leftarrow 0$
+\item $numModelsInPack \leftarrow 0$
+\item $maxAccuracy \leftarrow -1$
+\item[] 
+\newpage
+\item[] // main loop
+\item While $(\lnot finished)$
+\begin{enumerate}
+    \item $\pi \leftarrow SortFeatures(Vars, criterio, D[W])$
+    \item $k \leftarrow 2^{tolerance}$
+    \item if ($tolerance == 0$) $numItemsPack \leftarrow0$
+    \item $P \leftarrow Head(\pi,k)$ \hspace*{2cm} //  first k features in order
+    \item $spodes \leftarrow \emptyset$
+    \item $i \leftarrow 0$
+    \item While ($ i < size(P)$)
+    \begin{enumerate}
+        \item $X \leftarrow P[i]$
+        \item $i \leftarrow i + 1$
+        \item $numItemsPack \leftarrow numItemsPack + 1$
+        \item $Vars.remove(X)$
+        \item $spode \leftarrow BuildSpode(X, {\cal{X}}, D[W])$
+        \item $\hat{y}[] \leftarrow spode.Predict(D)$
+        \item $\epsilon \leftarrow error(\hat{y}[], y[])$
+        \item $\alpha \leftarrow \frac{1}{2} ln \left ( \frac{1-\epsilon}{\epsilon} \right )$
+        \item if ($\epsilon > 0.5$)
+        \begin{enumerate}
+            \item $finished \leftarrow True$
+            \item break
+        \end{enumerate}
+        \item $spodes.add( (spode,\alpha_t) )$
+        \item $W \leftarrow UpdateWeights(W,\alpha,y[],\hat{y}[])$
+    \end{enumerate}       
+    \item $AODE.add( spodes )$
+    \item if ($convergence \land \lnot finished$) 
+    \begin{enumerate}       
+        \item $\hat{y}[] \leftarrow AODE.Predict(D)$
+        \item $actualAccuracy \leftarrow accuracy(\hat{y}[], y[])$
+        \item $if (maxAccuracy == -1)\; maxAccuracy \leftarrow actualAccuracy$
+        \item if $((accuracy - maxAccuracy) < \delta)$\hspace*{2cm} // result doesn't improve enough
+        \begin{enumerate}
+            \item $tolerance \leftarrow tolerance + 1$
+        \end{enumerate}
+        \item else
+        \begin{enumerate}
+            \item $tolerance \leftarrow 0$
+            \item $numItemsPack \leftarrow 0$
+         \end{enumerate}
+    \end{enumerate}
+    \item If $(Vars == \emptyset \lor tolerance>maxTolerance) \; finished \leftarrow True$
+    \item $lastAccuracy \leftarrow max(lastAccuracy, actualAccuracy)$
+\end{enumerate}
+\item if ($tolerance > maxTolerance$) \hspace*{1cm} // algorithm finished because of lack of convergence
+\begin{enumerate}
+    \item $removeModels(AODE, numItemsPack)$
+\end{enumerate}
+\item Return $AODE$
+\end{enumerate}

gcovr.cfg

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-filter = src/
-exclude-directories = build/lib/
+filter = bayesnet/
+exclude-directories = build_debug/lib/
+exclude = bayesnet/utils/loguru.*
 print-summary = yes
-sort-percentage = yes
+sort = uncovered-percent

grid_stree.json

@@ -1,162 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "balance-scale": {
-        "C": 10000.0,
-        "gamma": 0.1,
-        "kernel": "rbf",
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "balloons": {
-        "C": 7,
-        "gamma": 0.1,
-        "kernel": "rbf",
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "breast-cancer-wisc-diag": {
-        "C": 0.2,
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "breast-cancer-wisc-prog": {
-        "C": 0.2,
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "breast-cancer-wisc": {},
-    "breast-cancer": {},
-    "cardiotocography-10clases": {},
-    "cardiotocography-3clases": {},
-    "conn-bench-sonar-mines-rocks": {},
-    "cylinder-bands": {},
-    "dermatology": {
-        "C": 55,
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "echocardiogram": {
-        "C": 7,
-        "gamma": 0.1,
-        "kernel": "poly",
-        "max_features": "auto",
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "fertility": {
-        "C": 0.05,
-        "max_features": "auto",
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "haberman-survival": {},
-    "heart-hungarian": {
-        "C": 0.05,
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "hepatitis": {
-        "C": 7,
-        "gamma": 0.1,
-        "kernel": "rbf",
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "ilpd-indian-liver": {},
-    "ionosphere": {
-        "C": 7,
-        "gamma": 0.1,
-        "kernel": "rbf",
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "iris": {},
-    "led-display": {},
-    "libras": {
-        "C": 0.08,
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "low-res-spect": {
-        "C": 0.05,
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "lymphography": {
-        "C": 0.05,
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "mammographic": {},
-    "molec-biol-promoter": {
-        "C": 0.05,
-        "gamma": 0.1,
-        "kernel": "poly",
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "musk-1": {
-        "C": 0.05,
-        "gamma": 0.1,
-        "kernel": "poly",
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "oocytes_merluccius_nucleus_4d": {
-        "C": 8.25,
-        "gamma": 0.1,
-        "kernel": "poly"
-    },
-    "oocytes_merluccius_states_2f": {},
-    "oocytes_trisopterus_nucleus_2f": {},
-    "oocytes_trisopterus_states_5b": {
-        "C": 0.11,
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "parkinsons": {},
-    "pima": {},
-    "pittsburg-bridges-MATERIAL": {
-        "C": 7,
-        "gamma": 0.1,
-        "kernel": "rbf",
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "pittsburg-bridges-REL-L": {},
-    "pittsburg-bridges-SPAN": {
-        "C": 0.05,
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "pittsburg-bridges-T-OR-D": {},
-    "planning": {
-        "C": 7,
-        "gamma": 10.0,
-        "kernel": "rbf",
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "post-operative": {
-        "C": 55,
-        "degree": 5,
-        "gamma": 0.1,
-        "kernel": "poly",
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "seeds": {
-        "C": 10000.0,
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "statlog-australian-credit": {
-        "C": 0.05,
-        "max_features": "auto",
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "statlog-german-credit": {},
-    "statlog-heart": {},
-    "statlog-image": {
-        "C": 7,
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "statlog-vehicle": {},
-    "synthetic-control": {
-        "C": 0.55,
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "tic-tac-toe": {
-        "C": 0.2,
-        "gamma": 0.1,
-        "kernel": "poly",
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "vertebral-column-2clases": {},
-    "wine": {
-        "C": 0.55,
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    },
-    "zoo": {
-        "C": 0.1,
-        "max_iter": 10000
-    }
-}

sample/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,8 +1,20 @@
-include_directories(${BayesNet_SOURCE_DIR}/src/Platform)
-include_directories(${BayesNet_SOURCE_DIR}/src/BayesNet)
-include_directories(${BayesNet_SOURCE_DIR}/lib/Files)
-include_directories(${BayesNet_SOURCE_DIR}/lib/mdlp)
-include_directories(${BayesNet_SOURCE_DIR}/lib/argparse/include)
-include_directories(${BayesNet_SOURCE_DIR}/lib/json/include)
-add_executable(BayesNetSample sample.cc ${BayesNet_SOURCE_DIR}/src/Platform/Folding.cc ${BayesNet_SOURCE_DIR}/src/Platform/Models.cc) 
-target_link_libraries(BayesNetSample BayesNet ArffFiles mdlp "${TORCH_LIBRARIES}")
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20)
+
+project(bayesnet_sample)
+
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
+
+find_package(Torch REQUIRED)
+find_library(BayesNet NAMES BayesNet.a libBayesNet.a REQUIRED)
+
+include_directories(
+    lib/Files
+    lib/mdlp
+    lib/json/include
+    /usr/local/include
+)
+
+add_subdirectory(lib/Files)
+add_subdirectory(lib/mdlp)
+add_executable(bayesnet_sample sample.cc) 
+target_link_libraries(bayesnet_sample ArffFiles mdlp "${TORCH_LIBRARIES}" "${BayesNet}")

sample/lib/Files/ArffFiles.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
+#include "ArffFiles.h"
+#include <fstream>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <map>
+#include <iostream>
+
+ArffFiles::ArffFiles() = default;
+
+std::vector<std::string> ArffFiles::getLines() const
+{
+    return lines;
+}
+
+unsigned long int ArffFiles::getSize() const
+{
+    return lines.size();
+}
+
+std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> ArffFiles::getAttributes() const
+{
+    return attributes;
+}
+
+std::string ArffFiles::getClassName() const
+{
+    return className;
+}
+
+std::string ArffFiles::getClassType() const
+{
+    return classType;
+}
+
+std::vector<std::vector<float>>& ArffFiles::getX()
+{
+    return X;
+}
+
+std::vector<int>& ArffFiles::getY()
+{
+    return y;
+}
+
+void ArffFiles::loadCommon(std::string fileName)
+{
+    std::ifstream file(fileName);
+    if (!file.is_open()) {
+        throw std::invalid_argument("Unable to open file");
+    }
+    std::string line;
+    std::string keyword;
+    std::string attribute;
+    std::string type;
+    std::string type_w;
+    while (getline(file, line)) {
+        if (line.empty() || line[0] == '%' || line == "\r" || line == " ") {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (line.find("@attribute") != std::string::npos || line.find("@ATTRIBUTE") != std::string::npos) {
+            std::stringstream ss(line);
+            ss >> keyword >> attribute;
+            type = "";
+            while (ss >> type_w)
+                type += type_w + " ";
+            attributes.emplace_back(trim(attribute), trim(type));
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (line[0] == '@') {
+            continue;
+        }
+        lines.push_back(line);
+    }
+    file.close();
+    if (attributes.empty())
+        throw std::invalid_argument("No attributes found");
+}
+
+void ArffFiles::load(const std::string& fileName, bool classLast)
+{
+    int labelIndex;
+    loadCommon(fileName);
+    if (classLast) {
+        className = std::get<0>(attributes.back());
+        classType = std::get<1>(attributes.back());
+        attributes.pop_back();
+        labelIndex = static_cast<int>(attributes.size());
+    } else {
+        className = std::get<0>(attributes.front());
+        classType = std::get<1>(attributes.front());
+        attributes.erase(attributes.begin());
+        labelIndex = 0;
+    }
+    generateDataset(labelIndex);
+}
+void ArffFiles::load(const std::string& fileName, const std::string& name)
+{
+    int labelIndex;
+    loadCommon(fileName);
+    bool found = false;
+    for (int i = 0; i < attributes.size(); ++i) {
+        if (attributes[i].first == name) {
+            className = std::get<0>(attributes[i]);
+            classType = std::get<1>(attributes[i]);
+            attributes.erase(attributes.begin() + i);
+            labelIndex = i;
+            found = true;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    if (!found) {
+        throw std::invalid_argument("Class name not found");
+    }
+    generateDataset(labelIndex);
+}
+
+void ArffFiles::generateDataset(int labelIndex)
+{
+    X = std::vector<std::vector<float>>(attributes.size(), std::vector<float>(lines.size()));
+    auto yy = std::vector<std::string>(lines.size(), "");
+    auto removeLines = std::vector<int>(); // Lines with missing values
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < lines.size(); i++) {
+        std::stringstream ss(lines[i]);
+        std::string value;
+        int pos = 0;
+        int xIndex = 0;
+        while (getline(ss, value, ',')) {
+            if (pos++ == labelIndex) {
+                yy[i] = value;
+            } else {
+                if (value == "?") {
+                    X[xIndex++][i] = -1;
+                    removeLines.push_back(i);
+                } else
+                    X[xIndex++][i] = stof(value);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    for (auto i : removeLines) {
+        yy.erase(yy.begin() + i);
+        for (auto& x : X) {
+            x.erase(x.begin() + i);
+        }
+    }
+    y = factorize(yy);
+}
+
+std::string ArffFiles::trim(const std::string& source)
+{
+    std::string s(source);
+    s.erase(0, s.find_first_not_of(" '\n\r\t"));
+    s.erase(s.find_last_not_of(" '\n\r\t") + 1);
+    return s;
+}
+
+std::vector<int> ArffFiles::factorize(const std::vector<std::string>& labels_t)
+{
+    std::vector<int> yy;
+    yy.reserve(labels_t.size());
+    std::map<std::string, int> labelMap;
+    int i = 0;
+    for (const std::string& label : labels_t) {
+        if (labelMap.find(label) == labelMap.end()) {
+            labelMap[label] = i++;
+        }
+        yy.push_back(labelMap[label]);
+    }
+    return yy;
+}

sample/lib/Files/ArffFiles.h

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+// ***************************************************************
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2024 Ricardo Montañana Gómez
+// SPDX-FileType: SOURCE
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// ***************************************************************
+
+#ifndef ARFFFILES_H
+#define ARFFFILES_H
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+class ArffFiles {
+private:
+    std::vector<std::string> lines;
+    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> attributes;
+    std::string className;
+    std::string classType;
+    std::vector<std::vector<float>> X;
+    std::vector<int> y;
+    void generateDataset(int);
+    void loadCommon(std::string);
+public:
+    ArffFiles();
+    void load(const std::string&, bool = true);
+    void load(const std::string&, const std::string&);
+    std::vector<std::string> getLines() const;
+    unsigned long int getSize() const;
+    std::string getClassName() const;
+    std::string getClassType() const;
+    static std::string trim(const std::string&);
+    std::vector<std::vector<float>>& getX();
+    std::vector<int>& getY();
+    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> getAttributes() const;
+    static std::vector<int> factorize(const std::vector<std::string>& labels_t);
+};
+
+#endif

sample/lib/Files/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+add_library(ArffFiles ArffFiles.cc)

sample/lib/json/include/nlohmann/adl_serializer.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+//     __ _____ _____ _____
+//  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <utility>
+
+#include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/conversions/from_json.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/conversions/to_json.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/meta/identity_tag.hpp>
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+
+/// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/adl_serializer/
+template<typename ValueType, typename>
+struct adl_serializer
+{
+    /// @brief convert a JSON value to any value type
+    /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/adl_serializer/from_json/
+    template<typename BasicJsonType, typename TargetType = ValueType>
+    static auto from_json(BasicJsonType && j, TargetType& val) noexcept(
+        noexcept(::nlohmann::from_json(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), val)))
+    -> decltype(::nlohmann::from_json(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), val), void())
+    {
+        ::nlohmann::from_json(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), val);
+    }
+
+    /// @brief convert a JSON value to any value type
+    /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/adl_serializer/from_json/
+    template<typename BasicJsonType, typename TargetType = ValueType>
+    static auto from_json(BasicJsonType && j) noexcept(
+    noexcept(::nlohmann::from_json(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), detail::identity_tag<TargetType> {})))
+    -> decltype(::nlohmann::from_json(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), detail::identity_tag<TargetType> {}))
+    {
+        return ::nlohmann::from_json(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), detail::identity_tag<TargetType> {});
+    }
+
+    /// @brief convert any value type to a JSON value
+    /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/adl_serializer/to_json/
+    template<typename BasicJsonType, typename TargetType = ValueType>
+    static auto to_json(BasicJsonType& j, TargetType && val) noexcept(
+        noexcept(::nlohmann::to_json(j, std::forward<TargetType>(val))))
+    -> decltype(::nlohmann::to_json(j, std::forward<TargetType>(val)), void())
+    {
+        ::nlohmann::to_json(j, std::forward<TargetType>(val));
+    }
+};
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END

sample/lib/json/include/nlohmann/byte_container_with_subtype.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+//     __ _____ _____ _____
+//  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstdint> // uint8_t, uint64_t
+#include <tuple> // tie
+#include <utility> // move
+
+#include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+
+/// @brief an internal type for a backed binary type
+/// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/byte_container_with_subtype/
+template<typename BinaryType>
+class byte_container_with_subtype : public BinaryType
+{
+  public:
+    using container_type = BinaryType;
+    using subtype_type = std::uint64_t;
+
+    /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/byte_container_with_subtype/byte_container_with_subtype/
+    byte_container_with_subtype() noexcept(noexcept(container_type()))
+        : container_type()
+    {}
+
+    /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/byte_container_with_subtype/byte_container_with_subtype/
+    byte_container_with_subtype(const container_type& b) noexcept(noexcept(container_type(b)))
+        : container_type(b)
+    {}
+
+    /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/byte_container_with_subtype/byte_container_with_subtype/
+    byte_container_with_subtype(container_type&& b) noexcept(noexcept(container_type(std::move(b))))
+        : container_type(std::move(b))
+    {}
+
+    /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/byte_container_with_subtype/byte_container_with_subtype/
+    byte_container_with_subtype(const container_type& b, subtype_type subtype_) noexcept(noexcept(container_type(b)))
+        : container_type(b)
+        , m_subtype(subtype_)
+        , m_has_subtype(true)
+    {}
+
+    /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/byte_container_with_subtype/byte_container_with_subtype/
+    byte_container_with_subtype(container_type&& b, subtype_type subtype_) noexcept(noexcept(container_type(std::move(b))))
+        : container_type(std::move(b))
+        , m_subtype(subtype_)
+        , m_has_subtype(true)
+    {}
+
+    bool operator==(const byte_container_with_subtype& rhs) const
+    {
+        return std::tie(static_cast<const BinaryType&>(*this), m_subtype, m_has_subtype) ==
+               std::tie(static_cast<const BinaryType&>(rhs), rhs.m_subtype, rhs.m_has_subtype);
+    }
+
+    bool operator!=(const byte_container_with_subtype& rhs) const
+    {
+        return !(rhs == *this);
+    }
+
+    /// @brief sets the binary subtype
+    /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/byte_container_with_subtype/set_subtype/
+    void set_subtype(subtype_type subtype_) noexcept
+    {
+        m_subtype = subtype_;
+        m_has_subtype = true;
+    }
+
+    /// @brief return the binary subtype
+    /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/byte_container_with_subtype/subtype/
+    constexpr subtype_type subtype() const noexcept
+    {
+        return m_has_subtype ? m_subtype : static_cast<subtype_type>(-1);
+    }
+
+    /// @brief return whether the value has a subtype
+    /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/byte_container_with_subtype/has_subtype/
+    constexpr bool has_subtype() const noexcept
+    {
+        return m_has_subtype;
+    }
+
+    /// @brief clears the binary subtype
+    /// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/byte_container_with_subtype/clear_subtype/
+    void clear_subtype() noexcept
+    {
+        m_subtype = 0;
+        m_has_subtype = false;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    subtype_type m_subtype = 0;
+    bool m_has_subtype = false;
+};
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END

sample/lib/json/include/nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+//     __ _____ _____ _____
+//  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+// This file contains all macro definitions affecting or depending on the ABI
+
+#ifndef JSON_SKIP_LIBRARY_VERSION_CHECK
+    #if defined(NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MAJOR) && defined(NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MINOR) && defined(NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_PATCH)
+        #if NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MAJOR != 3 || NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MINOR != 11 || NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_PATCH != 3
+            #warning "Already included a different version of the library!"
+        #endif
+    #endif
+#endif
+
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MAJOR 3   // NOLINT(modernize-macro-to-enum)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MINOR 11  // NOLINT(modernize-macro-to-enum)
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_PATCH 3   // NOLINT(modernize-macro-to-enum)
+
+#ifndef JSON_DIAGNOSTICS
+    #define JSON_DIAGNOSTICS 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON
+    #define JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON 0
+#endif
+
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTICS
+    #define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_DIAGNOSTICS _diag
+#else
+    #define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_DIAGNOSTICS
+#endif
+
+#if JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON
+    #define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON _ldvcmp
+#else
+    #define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_NO_VERSION
+    #define NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_NO_VERSION 0
+#endif
+
+// Construct the namespace ABI tags component
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAGS_CONCAT_EX(a, b) json_abi ## a ## b
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAGS_CONCAT(a, b) \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAGS_CONCAT_EX(a, b)
+
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAGS                                       \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAGS_CONCAT(                                   \
+            NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_DIAGNOSTICS,                       \
+            NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAG_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON)
+
+// Construct the namespace version component
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_VERSION_CONCAT_EX(major, minor, patch) \
+    _v ## major ## _ ## minor ## _ ## patch
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_VERSION_CONCAT(major, minor, patch) \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_VERSION_CONCAT_EX(major, minor, patch)
+
+#if NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_NO_VERSION
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_VERSION
+#else
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_VERSION                                 \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_VERSION_CONCAT(NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MAJOR, \
+                                           NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_MINOR, \
+                                           NLOHMANN_JSON_VERSION_PATCH)
+#endif
+
+// Combine namespace components
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_CONCAT_EX(a, b) a ## b
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_CONCAT(a, b) \
+    NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_CONCAT_EX(a, b)
+
+#ifndef NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE               \
+    nlohmann::NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_CONCAT( \
+            NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAGS,           \
+            NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_VERSION)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN                \
+    namespace nlohmann                               \
+    {                                                \
+    inline namespace NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_CONCAT( \
+                NLOHMANN_JSON_ABI_TAGS,              \
+                NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_VERSION)     \
+    {
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+#define NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END                                     \
+    }  /* namespace (inline namespace) NOLINT(readability/namespace) */ \
+    }  // namespace nlohmann
+#endif

sample/lib/json/include/nlohmann/detail/conversions/from_json.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,497 @@
+//     __ _____ _____ _____
+//  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <algorithm> // transform
+#include <array> // array
+#include <forward_list> // forward_list
+#include <iterator> // inserter, front_inserter, end
+#include <map> // map
+#include <string> // string
+#include <tuple> // tuple, make_tuple
+#include <type_traits> // is_arithmetic, is_same, is_enum, underlying_type, is_convertible
+#include <unordered_map> // unordered_map
+#include <utility> // pair, declval
+#include <valarray> // valarray
+
+#include <nlohmann/detail/exceptions.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/meta/cpp_future.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/meta/identity_tag.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/meta/std_fs.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/string_concat.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename std::nullptr_t& n)
+{
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_null()))
+    {
+        JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be null, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+    }
+    n = nullptr;
+}
+
+// overloads for basic_json template parameters
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename ArithmeticType,
+           enable_if_t < std::is_arithmetic<ArithmeticType>::value&&
+                         !std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t>::value,
+                         int > = 0 >
+void get_arithmetic_value(const BasicJsonType& j, ArithmeticType& val)
+{
+    switch (static_cast<value_t>(j))
+    {
+        case value_t::number_unsigned:
+        {
+            val = static_cast<ArithmeticType>(*j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t*>());
+            break;
+        }
+        case value_t::number_integer:
+        {
+            val = static_cast<ArithmeticType>(*j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t*>());
+            break;
+        }
+        case value_t::number_float:
+        {
+            val = static_cast<ArithmeticType>(*j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t*>());
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case value_t::null:
+        case value_t::object:
+        case value_t::array:
+        case value_t::string:
+        case value_t::boolean:
+        case value_t::binary:
+        case value_t::discarded:
+        default:
+            JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be number, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+    }
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t& b)
+{
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_boolean()))
+    {
+        JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be boolean, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+    }
+    b = *j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t*>();
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::string_t& s)
+{
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_string()))
+    {
+        JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be string, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+    }
+    s = *j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::string_t*>();
+}
+
+template <
+    typename BasicJsonType, typename StringType,
+    enable_if_t <
+        std::is_assignable<StringType&, const typename BasicJsonType::string_t>::value
+        && is_detected_exact<typename BasicJsonType::string_t::value_type, value_type_t, StringType>::value
+        && !std::is_same<typename BasicJsonType::string_t, StringType>::value
+        && !is_json_ref<StringType>::value, int > = 0 >
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, StringType& s)
+{
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_string()))
+    {
+        JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be string, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+    }
+
+    s = *j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::string_t*>();
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t& val)
+{
+    get_arithmetic_value(j, val);
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t& val)
+{
+    get_arithmetic_value(j, val);
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t& val)
+{
+    get_arithmetic_value(j, val);
+}
+
+#if !JSON_DISABLE_ENUM_SERIALIZATION
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename EnumType,
+         enable_if_t<std::is_enum<EnumType>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, EnumType& e)
+{
+    typename std::underlying_type<EnumType>::type val;
+    get_arithmetic_value(j, val);
+    e = static_cast<EnumType>(val);
+}
+#endif  // JSON_DISABLE_ENUM_SERIALIZATION
+
+// forward_list doesn't have an insert method
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, typename Allocator,
+         enable_if_t<is_getable<BasicJsonType, T>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std::forward_list<T, Allocator>& l)
+{
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_array()))
+    {
+        JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be array, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+    }
+    l.clear();
+    std::transform(j.rbegin(), j.rend(),
+                   std::front_inserter(l), [](const BasicJsonType & i)
+    {
+        return i.template get<T>();
+    });
+}
+
+// valarray doesn't have an insert method
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T,
+         enable_if_t<is_getable<BasicJsonType, T>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std::valarray<T>& l)
+{
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_array()))
+    {
+        JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be array, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+    }
+    l.resize(j.size());
+    std::transform(j.begin(), j.end(), std::begin(l),
+                   [](const BasicJsonType & elem)
+    {
+        return elem.template get<T>();
+    });
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, std::size_t N>
+auto from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, T (&arr)[N])  // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-c-arrays,hicpp-avoid-c-arrays,modernize-avoid-c-arrays)
+-> decltype(j.template get<T>(), void())
+{
+    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i)
+    {
+        arr[i] = j.at(i).template get<T>();
+    }
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void from_json_array_impl(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::array_t& arr, priority_tag<3> /*unused*/)
+{
+    arr = *j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::array_t*>();
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, std::size_t N>
+auto from_json_array_impl(const BasicJsonType& j, std::array<T, N>& arr,
+                          priority_tag<2> /*unused*/)
+-> decltype(j.template get<T>(), void())
+{
+    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i)
+    {
+        arr[i] = j.at(i).template get<T>();
+    }
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType,
+         enable_if_t<
+             std::is_assignable<ConstructibleArrayType&, ConstructibleArrayType>::value,
+             int> = 0>
+auto from_json_array_impl(const BasicJsonType& j, ConstructibleArrayType& arr, priority_tag<1> /*unused*/)
+-> decltype(
+    arr.reserve(std::declval<typename ConstructibleArrayType::size_type>()),
+    j.template get<typename ConstructibleArrayType::value_type>(),
+    void())
+{
+    using std::end;
+
+    ConstructibleArrayType ret;
+    ret.reserve(j.size());
+    std::transform(j.begin(), j.end(),
+                   std::inserter(ret, end(ret)), [](const BasicJsonType & i)
+    {
+        // get<BasicJsonType>() returns *this, this won't call a from_json
+        // method when value_type is BasicJsonType
+        return i.template get<typename ConstructibleArrayType::value_type>();
+    });
+    arr = std::move(ret);
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType,
+         enable_if_t<
+             std::is_assignable<ConstructibleArrayType&, ConstructibleArrayType>::value,
+             int> = 0>
+inline void from_json_array_impl(const BasicJsonType& j, ConstructibleArrayType& arr,
+                                 priority_tag<0> /*unused*/)
+{
+    using std::end;
+
+    ConstructibleArrayType ret;
+    std::transform(
+        j.begin(), j.end(), std::inserter(ret, end(ret)),
+        [](const BasicJsonType & i)
+    {
+        // get<BasicJsonType>() returns *this, this won't call a from_json
+        // method when value_type is BasicJsonType
+        return i.template get<typename ConstructibleArrayType::value_type>();
+    });
+    arr = std::move(ret);
+}
+
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleArrayType,
+           enable_if_t <
+               is_constructible_array_type<BasicJsonType, ConstructibleArrayType>::value&&
+               !is_constructible_object_type<BasicJsonType, ConstructibleArrayType>::value&&
+               !is_constructible_string_type<BasicJsonType, ConstructibleArrayType>::value&&
+               !std::is_same<ConstructibleArrayType, typename BasicJsonType::binary_t>::value&&
+               !is_basic_json<ConstructibleArrayType>::value,
+               int > = 0 >
+auto from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, ConstructibleArrayType& arr)
+-> decltype(from_json_array_impl(j, arr, priority_tag<3> {}),
+j.template get<typename ConstructibleArrayType::value_type>(),
+void())
+{
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_array()))
+    {
+        JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be array, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+    }
+
+    from_json_array_impl(j, arr, priority_tag<3> {});
+}
+
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename T, std::size_t... Idx >
+std::array<T, sizeof...(Idx)> from_json_inplace_array_impl(BasicJsonType&& j,
+        identity_tag<std::array<T, sizeof...(Idx)>> /*unused*/, index_sequence<Idx...> /*unused*/)
+{
+    return { { std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j).at(Idx).template get<T>()... } };
+}
+
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename T, std::size_t N >
+auto from_json(BasicJsonType&& j, identity_tag<std::array<T, N>> tag)
+-> decltype(from_json_inplace_array_impl(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), tag, make_index_sequence<N> {}))
+{
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_array()))
+    {
+        JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be array, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+    }
+
+    return from_json_inplace_array_impl(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), tag, make_index_sequence<N> {});
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::binary_t& bin)
+{
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_binary()))
+    {
+        JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be binary, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+    }
+
+    bin = *j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::binary_t*>();
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ConstructibleObjectType,
+         enable_if_t<is_constructible_object_type<BasicJsonType, ConstructibleObjectType>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, ConstructibleObjectType& obj)
+{
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_object()))
+    {
+        JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be object, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+    }
+
+    ConstructibleObjectType ret;
+    const auto* inner_object = j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::object_t*>();
+    using value_type = typename ConstructibleObjectType::value_type;
+    std::transform(
+        inner_object->begin(), inner_object->end(),
+        std::inserter(ret, ret.begin()),
+        [](typename BasicJsonType::object_t::value_type const & p)
+    {
+        return value_type(p.first, p.second.template get<typename ConstructibleObjectType::mapped_type>());
+    });
+    obj = std::move(ret);
+}
+
+// overload for arithmetic types, not chosen for basic_json template arguments
+// (BooleanType, etc..); note: Is it really necessary to provide explicit
+// overloads for boolean_t etc. in case of a custom BooleanType which is not
+// an arithmetic type?
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename ArithmeticType,
+           enable_if_t <
+               std::is_arithmetic<ArithmeticType>::value&&
+               !std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t>::value&&
+               !std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t>::value&&
+               !std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t>::value&&
+               !std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t>::value,
+               int > = 0 >
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, ArithmeticType& val)
+{
+    switch (static_cast<value_t>(j))
+    {
+        case value_t::number_unsigned:
+        {
+            val = static_cast<ArithmeticType>(*j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t*>());
+            break;
+        }
+        case value_t::number_integer:
+        {
+            val = static_cast<ArithmeticType>(*j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t*>());
+            break;
+        }
+        case value_t::number_float:
+        {
+            val = static_cast<ArithmeticType>(*j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t*>());
+            break;
+        }
+        case value_t::boolean:
+        {
+            val = static_cast<ArithmeticType>(*j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t*>());
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case value_t::null:
+        case value_t::object:
+        case value_t::array:
+        case value_t::string:
+        case value_t::binary:
+        case value_t::discarded:
+        default:
+            JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be number, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+    }
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename... Args, std::size_t... Idx>
+std::tuple<Args...> from_json_tuple_impl_base(BasicJsonType&& j, index_sequence<Idx...> /*unused*/)
+{
+    return std::make_tuple(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j).at(Idx).template get<Args>()...);
+}
+
+template < typename BasicJsonType, class A1, class A2 >
+std::pair<A1, A2> from_json_tuple_impl(BasicJsonType&& j, identity_tag<std::pair<A1, A2>> /*unused*/, priority_tag<0> /*unused*/)
+{
+    return {std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j).at(0).template get<A1>(),
+            std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j).at(1).template get<A2>()};
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename A1, typename A2>
+inline void from_json_tuple_impl(BasicJsonType&& j, std::pair<A1, A2>& p, priority_tag<1> /*unused*/)
+{
+    p = from_json_tuple_impl(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), identity_tag<std::pair<A1, A2>> {}, priority_tag<0> {});
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename... Args>
+std::tuple<Args...> from_json_tuple_impl(BasicJsonType&& j, identity_tag<std::tuple<Args...>> /*unused*/, priority_tag<2> /*unused*/)
+{
+    return from_json_tuple_impl_base<BasicJsonType, Args...>(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), index_sequence_for<Args...> {});
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename... Args>
+inline void from_json_tuple_impl(BasicJsonType&& j, std::tuple<Args...>& t, priority_tag<3> /*unused*/)
+{
+    t = from_json_tuple_impl_base<BasicJsonType, Args...>(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), index_sequence_for<Args...> {});
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename TupleRelated>
+auto from_json(BasicJsonType&& j, TupleRelated&& t)
+-> decltype(from_json_tuple_impl(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), std::forward<TupleRelated>(t), priority_tag<3> {}))
+{
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_array()))
+    {
+        JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be array, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+    }
+
+    return from_json_tuple_impl(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), std::forward<TupleRelated>(t), priority_tag<3> {});
+}
+
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename Key, typename Value, typename Compare, typename Allocator,
+           typename = enable_if_t < !std::is_constructible <
+                                        typename BasicJsonType::string_t, Key >::value >>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std::map<Key, Value, Compare, Allocator>& m)
+{
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_array()))
+    {
+        JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be array, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+    }
+    m.clear();
+    for (const auto& p : j)
+    {
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!p.is_array()))
+        {
+            JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be array, but is ", p.type_name()), &j));
+        }
+        m.emplace(p.at(0).template get<Key>(), p.at(1).template get<Value>());
+    }
+}
+
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename Key, typename Value, typename Hash, typename KeyEqual, typename Allocator,
+           typename = enable_if_t < !std::is_constructible <
+                                        typename BasicJsonType::string_t, Key >::value >>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std::unordered_map<Key, Value, Hash, KeyEqual, Allocator>& m)
+{
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_array()))
+    {
+        JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be array, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+    }
+    m.clear();
+    for (const auto& p : j)
+    {
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!p.is_array()))
+        {
+            JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be array, but is ", p.type_name()), &j));
+        }
+        m.emplace(p.at(0).template get<Key>(), p.at(1).template get<Value>());
+    }
+}
+
+#if JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM || JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std_fs::path& p)
+{
+    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!j.is_string()))
+    {
+        JSON_THROW(type_error::create(302, concat("type must be string, but is ", j.type_name()), &j));
+    }
+    p = *j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::string_t*>();
+}
+#endif
+
+struct from_json_fn
+{
+    template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
+    auto operator()(const BasicJsonType& j, T&& val) const
+    noexcept(noexcept(from_json(j, std::forward<T>(val))))
+    -> decltype(from_json(j, std::forward<T>(val)))
+    {
+        return from_json(j, std::forward<T>(val));
+    }
+};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+
+#ifndef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+/// namespace to hold default `from_json` function
+/// to see why this is required:
+/// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2015/n4381.html
+namespace // NOLINT(cert-dcl59-cpp,fuchsia-header-anon-namespaces,google-build-namespaces)
+{
+#endif
+JSON_INLINE_VARIABLE constexpr const auto& from_json = // NOLINT(misc-definitions-in-headers)
+    detail::static_const<detail::from_json_fn>::value;
+#ifndef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+}  // namespace
+#endif
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END

sample/lib/json/include/nlohmann/detail/conversions/to_json.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,447 @@
+//     __ _____ _____ _____
+//  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <algorithm> // copy
+#include <iterator> // begin, end
+#include <string> // string
+#include <tuple> // tuple, get
+#include <type_traits> // is_same, is_constructible, is_floating_point, is_enum, underlying_type
+#include <utility> // move, forward, declval, pair
+#include <valarray> // valarray
+#include <vector> // vector
+
+#include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/iteration_proxy.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/meta/cpp_future.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/meta/std_fs.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+//////////////////
+// constructors //
+//////////////////
+
+/*
+ * Note all external_constructor<>::construct functions need to call
+ * j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type) to avoid a memory leak in case j contains an
+ * allocated value (e.g., a string). See bug issue
+ * https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/2865 for more information.
+ */
+
+template<value_t> struct external_constructor;
+
+template<>
+struct external_constructor<value_t::boolean>
+{
+    template<typename BasicJsonType>
+    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t b) noexcept
+    {
+        j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+        j.m_data.m_type = value_t::boolean;
+        j.m_data.m_value = b;
+        j.assert_invariant();
+    }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct external_constructor<value_t::string>
+{
+    template<typename BasicJsonType>
+    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const typename BasicJsonType::string_t& s)
+    {
+        j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+        j.m_data.m_type = value_t::string;
+        j.m_data.m_value = s;
+        j.assert_invariant();
+    }
+
+    template<typename BasicJsonType>
+    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::string_t&& s)
+    {
+        j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+        j.m_data.m_type = value_t::string;
+        j.m_data.m_value = std::move(s);
+        j.assert_invariant();
+    }
+
+    template < typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleStringType,
+               enable_if_t < !std::is_same<CompatibleStringType, typename BasicJsonType::string_t>::value,
+                             int > = 0 >
+    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleStringType& str)
+    {
+        j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+        j.m_data.m_type = value_t::string;
+        j.m_data.m_value.string = j.template create<typename BasicJsonType::string_t>(str);
+        j.assert_invariant();
+    }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct external_constructor<value_t::binary>
+{
+    template<typename BasicJsonType>
+    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const typename BasicJsonType::binary_t& b)
+    {
+        j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+        j.m_data.m_type = value_t::binary;
+        j.m_data.m_value = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t(b);
+        j.assert_invariant();
+    }
+
+    template<typename BasicJsonType>
+    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::binary_t&& b)
+    {
+        j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+        j.m_data.m_type = value_t::binary;
+        j.m_data.m_value = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t(std::move(b));
+        j.assert_invariant();
+    }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct external_constructor<value_t::number_float>
+{
+    template<typename BasicJsonType>
+    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t val) noexcept
+    {
+        j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+        j.m_data.m_type = value_t::number_float;
+        j.m_data.m_value = val;
+        j.assert_invariant();
+    }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct external_constructor<value_t::number_unsigned>
+{
+    template<typename BasicJsonType>
+    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t val) noexcept
+    {
+        j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+        j.m_data.m_type = value_t::number_unsigned;
+        j.m_data.m_value = val;
+        j.assert_invariant();
+    }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct external_constructor<value_t::number_integer>
+{
+    template<typename BasicJsonType>
+    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t val) noexcept
+    {
+        j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+        j.m_data.m_type = value_t::number_integer;
+        j.m_data.m_value = val;
+        j.assert_invariant();
+    }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct external_constructor<value_t::array>
+{
+    template<typename BasicJsonType>
+    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const typename BasicJsonType::array_t& arr)
+    {
+        j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+        j.m_data.m_type = value_t::array;
+        j.m_data.m_value = arr;
+        j.set_parents();
+        j.assert_invariant();
+    }
+
+    template<typename BasicJsonType>
+    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::array_t&& arr)
+    {
+        j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+        j.m_data.m_type = value_t::array;
+        j.m_data.m_value = std::move(arr);
+        j.set_parents();
+        j.assert_invariant();
+    }
+
+    template < typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleArrayType,
+               enable_if_t < !std::is_same<CompatibleArrayType, typename BasicJsonType::array_t>::value,
+                             int > = 0 >
+    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleArrayType& arr)
+    {
+        using std::begin;
+        using std::end;
+
+        j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+        j.m_data.m_type = value_t::array;
+        j.m_data.m_value.array = j.template create<typename BasicJsonType::array_t>(begin(arr), end(arr));
+        j.set_parents();
+        j.assert_invariant();
+    }
+
+    template<typename BasicJsonType>
+    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const std::vector<bool>& arr)
+    {
+        j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+        j.m_data.m_type = value_t::array;
+        j.m_data.m_value = value_t::array;
+        j.m_data.m_value.array->reserve(arr.size());
+        for (const bool x : arr)
+        {
+            j.m_data.m_value.array->push_back(x);
+            j.set_parent(j.m_data.m_value.array->back());
+        }
+        j.assert_invariant();
+    }
+
+    template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T,
+             enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<T, BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0>
+    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const std::valarray<T>& arr)
+    {
+        j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+        j.m_data.m_type = value_t::array;
+        j.m_data.m_value = value_t::array;
+        j.m_data.m_value.array->resize(arr.size());
+        if (arr.size() > 0)
+        {
+            std::copy(std::begin(arr), std::end(arr), j.m_data.m_value.array->begin());
+        }
+        j.set_parents();
+        j.assert_invariant();
+    }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct external_constructor<value_t::object>
+{
+    template<typename BasicJsonType>
+    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const typename BasicJsonType::object_t& obj)
+    {
+        j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+        j.m_data.m_type = value_t::object;
+        j.m_data.m_value = obj;
+        j.set_parents();
+        j.assert_invariant();
+    }
+
+    template<typename BasicJsonType>
+    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::object_t&& obj)
+    {
+        j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+        j.m_data.m_type = value_t::object;
+        j.m_data.m_value = std::move(obj);
+        j.set_parents();
+        j.assert_invariant();
+    }
+
+    template < typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleObjectType,
+               enable_if_t < !std::is_same<CompatibleObjectType, typename BasicJsonType::object_t>::value, int > = 0 >
+    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleObjectType& obj)
+    {
+        using std::begin;
+        using std::end;
+
+        j.m_data.m_value.destroy(j.m_data.m_type);
+        j.m_data.m_type = value_t::object;
+        j.m_data.m_value.object = j.template create<typename BasicJsonType::object_t>(begin(obj), end(obj));
+        j.set_parents();
+        j.assert_invariant();
+    }
+};
+
+/////////////
+// to_json //
+/////////////
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T,
+         enable_if_t<std::is_same<T, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, T b) noexcept
+{
+    external_constructor<value_t::boolean>::construct(j, b);
+}
+
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename BoolRef,
+           enable_if_t <
+               ((std::is_same<std::vector<bool>::reference, BoolRef>::value
+                 && !std::is_same <std::vector<bool>::reference, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t&>::value)
+                || (std::is_same<std::vector<bool>::const_reference, BoolRef>::value
+                    && !std::is_same <detail::uncvref_t<std::vector<bool>::const_reference>,
+                                      typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t >::value))
+               && std::is_convertible<const BoolRef&, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t>::value, int > = 0 >
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const BoolRef& b) noexcept
+{
+    external_constructor<value_t::boolean>::construct(j, static_cast<typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t>(b));
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleString,
+         enable_if_t<std::is_constructible<typename BasicJsonType::string_t, CompatibleString>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleString& s)
+{
+    external_constructor<value_t::string>::construct(j, s);
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::string_t&& s)
+{
+    external_constructor<value_t::string>::construct(j, std::move(s));
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename FloatType,
+         enable_if_t<std::is_floating_point<FloatType>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, FloatType val) noexcept
+{
+    external_constructor<value_t::number_float>::construct(j, static_cast<typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t>(val));
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleNumberUnsignedType,
+         enable_if_t<is_compatible_integer_type<typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t, CompatibleNumberUnsignedType>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, CompatibleNumberUnsignedType val) noexcept
+{
+    external_constructor<value_t::number_unsigned>::construct(j, static_cast<typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t>(val));
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleNumberIntegerType,
+         enable_if_t<is_compatible_integer_type<typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t, CompatibleNumberIntegerType>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, CompatibleNumberIntegerType val) noexcept
+{
+    external_constructor<value_t::number_integer>::construct(j, static_cast<typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t>(val));
+}
+
+#if !JSON_DISABLE_ENUM_SERIALIZATION
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename EnumType,
+         enable_if_t<std::is_enum<EnumType>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, EnumType e) noexcept
+{
+    using underlying_type = typename std::underlying_type<EnumType>::type;
+    static constexpr value_t integral_value_t = std::is_unsigned<underlying_type>::value ? value_t::number_unsigned : value_t::number_integer;
+    external_constructor<integral_value_t>::construct(j, static_cast<underlying_type>(e));
+}
+#endif  // JSON_DISABLE_ENUM_SERIALIZATION
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const std::vector<bool>& e)
+{
+    external_constructor<value_t::array>::construct(j, e);
+}
+
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleArrayType,
+           enable_if_t < is_compatible_array_type<BasicJsonType,
+                         CompatibleArrayType>::value&&
+                         !is_compatible_object_type<BasicJsonType, CompatibleArrayType>::value&&
+                         !is_compatible_string_type<BasicJsonType, CompatibleArrayType>::value&&
+                         !std::is_same<typename BasicJsonType::binary_t, CompatibleArrayType>::value&&
+                         !is_basic_json<CompatibleArrayType>::value,
+                         int > = 0 >
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleArrayType& arr)
+{
+    external_constructor<value_t::array>::construct(j, arr);
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const typename BasicJsonType::binary_t& bin)
+{
+    external_constructor<value_t::binary>::construct(j, bin);
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T,
+         enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<T, BasicJsonType>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const std::valarray<T>& arr)
+{
+    external_constructor<value_t::array>::construct(j, std::move(arr));
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::array_t&& arr)
+{
+    external_constructor<value_t::array>::construct(j, std::move(arr));
+}
+
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleObjectType,
+           enable_if_t < is_compatible_object_type<BasicJsonType, CompatibleObjectType>::value&& !is_basic_json<CompatibleObjectType>::value, int > = 0 >
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleObjectType& obj)
+{
+    external_constructor<value_t::object>::construct(j, obj);
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::object_t&& obj)
+{
+    external_constructor<value_t::object>::construct(j, std::move(obj));
+}
+
+template <
+    typename BasicJsonType, typename T, std::size_t N,
+    enable_if_t < !std::is_constructible<typename BasicJsonType::string_t,
+                  const T(&)[N]>::value, // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-c-arrays,hicpp-avoid-c-arrays,modernize-avoid-c-arrays)
+                  int > = 0 >
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const T(&arr)[N]) // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-c-arrays,hicpp-avoid-c-arrays,modernize-avoid-c-arrays)
+{
+    external_constructor<value_t::array>::construct(j, arr);
+}
+
+template < typename BasicJsonType, typename T1, typename T2, enable_if_t < std::is_constructible<BasicJsonType, T1>::value&& std::is_constructible<BasicJsonType, T2>::value, int > = 0 >
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const std::pair<T1, T2>& p)
+{
+    j = { p.first, p.second };
+}
+
+// for https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/1134
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T,
+         enable_if_t<std::is_same<T, iteration_proxy_value<typename BasicJsonType::iterator>>::value, int> = 0>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const T& b)
+{
+    j = { {b.key(), b.value()} };
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename Tuple, std::size_t... Idx>
+inline void to_json_tuple_impl(BasicJsonType& j, const Tuple& t, index_sequence<Idx...> /*unused*/)
+{
+    j = { std::get<Idx>(t)... };
+}
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, enable_if_t<is_constructible_tuple<BasicJsonType, T>::value, int > = 0>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const T& t)
+{
+    to_json_tuple_impl(j, t, make_index_sequence<std::tuple_size<T>::value> {});
+}
+
+#if JSON_HAS_FILESYSTEM || JSON_HAS_EXPERIMENTAL_FILESYSTEM
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+inline void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const std_fs::path& p)
+{
+    j = p.string();
+}
+#endif
+
+struct to_json_fn
+{
+    template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
+    auto operator()(BasicJsonType& j, T&& val) const noexcept(noexcept(to_json(j, std::forward<T>(val))))
+    -> decltype(to_json(j, std::forward<T>(val)), void())
+    {
+        return to_json(j, std::forward<T>(val));
+    }
+};
+}  // namespace detail
+
+#ifndef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+/// namespace to hold default `to_json` function
+/// to see why this is required:
+/// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2015/n4381.html
+namespace // NOLINT(cert-dcl59-cpp,fuchsia-header-anon-namespaces,google-build-namespaces)
+{
+#endif
+JSON_INLINE_VARIABLE constexpr const auto& to_json = // NOLINT(misc-definitions-in-headers)
+    detail::static_const<detail::to_json_fn>::value;
+#ifndef JSON_HAS_CPP_17
+}  // namespace
+#endif
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END

sample/lib/json/include/nlohmann/detail/exceptions.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+//     __ _____ _____ _____
+//  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstddef> // nullptr_t
+#include <exception> // exception
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTICS
+    #include <numeric> // accumulate
+#endif
+#include <stdexcept> // runtime_error
+#include <string> // to_string
+#include <vector> // vector
+
+#include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/string_escape.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/input/position_t.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/meta/cpp_future.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/string_concat.hpp>
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+////////////////
+// exceptions //
+////////////////
+
+/// @brief general exception of the @ref basic_json class
+/// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/exception/
+class exception : public std::exception
+{
+  public:
+    /// returns the explanatory string
+    const char* what() const noexcept override
+    {
+        return m.what();
+    }
+
+    /// the id of the exception
+    const int id; // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-non-private-member-variables-in-classes)
+
+  protected:
+    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(3)
+    exception(int id_, const char* what_arg) : id(id_), m(what_arg) {} // NOLINT(bugprone-throw-keyword-missing)
+
+    static std::string name(const std::string& ename, int id_)
+    {
+        return concat("[json.exception.", ename, '.', std::to_string(id_), "] ");
+    }
+
+    static std::string diagnostics(std::nullptr_t /*leaf_element*/)
+    {
+        return "";
+    }
+
+    template<typename BasicJsonType>
+    static std::string diagnostics(const BasicJsonType* leaf_element)
+    {
+#if JSON_DIAGNOSTICS
+        std::vector<std::string> tokens;
+        for (const auto* current = leaf_element; current != nullptr && current->m_parent != nullptr; current = current->m_parent)
+        {
+            switch (current->m_parent->type())
+            {
+                case value_t::array:
+                {
+                    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < current->m_parent->m_data.m_value.array->size(); ++i)
+                    {
+                        if (&current->m_parent->m_data.m_value.array->operator[](i) == current)
+                        {
+                            tokens.emplace_back(std::to_string(i));
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case value_t::object:
+                {
+                    for (const auto& element : *current->m_parent->m_data.m_value.object)
+                    {
+                        if (&element.second == current)
+                        {
+                            tokens.emplace_back(element.first.c_str());
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case value_t::null: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                case value_t::string: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                case value_t::boolean: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                case value_t::number_integer: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                case value_t::number_unsigned: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                case value_t::number_float: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                case value_t::binary: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                case value_t::discarded: // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                default:   // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+                    break; // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (tokens.empty())
+        {
+            return "";
+        }
+
+        auto str = std::accumulate(tokens.rbegin(), tokens.rend(), std::string{},
+                                   [](const std::string & a, const std::string & b)
+        {
+            return concat(a, '/', detail::escape(b));
+        });
+        return concat('(', str, ") ");
+#else
+        static_cast<void>(leaf_element);
+        return "";
+#endif
+    }
+
+  private:
+    /// an exception object as storage for error messages
+    std::runtime_error m;
+};
+
+/// @brief exception indicating a parse error
+/// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/parse_error/
+class parse_error : public exception
+{
+  public:
+    /*!
+    @brief create a parse error exception
+    @param[in] id_       the id of the exception
+    @param[in] pos       the position where the error occurred (or with
+                         chars_read_total=0 if the position cannot be
+                         determined)
+    @param[in] what_arg  the explanatory string
+    @return parse_error object
+    */
+    template<typename BasicJsonContext, enable_if_t<is_basic_json_context<BasicJsonContext>::value, int> = 0>
+    static parse_error create(int id_, const position_t& pos, const std::string& what_arg, BasicJsonContext context)
+    {
+        const std::string w = concat(exception::name("parse_error", id_), "parse error",
+                                     position_string(pos), ": ", exception::diagnostics(context), what_arg);
+        return {id_, pos.chars_read_total, w.c_str()};
+    }
+
+    template<typename BasicJsonContext, enable_if_t<is_basic_json_context<BasicJsonContext>::value, int> = 0>
+    static parse_error create(int id_, std::size_t byte_, const std::string& what_arg, BasicJsonContext context)
+    {
+        const std::string w = concat(exception::name("parse_error", id_), "parse error",
+                                     (byte_ != 0 ? (concat(" at byte ", std::to_string(byte_))) : ""),
+                                     ": ", exception::diagnostics(context), what_arg);
+        return {id_, byte_, w.c_str()};
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief byte index of the parse error
+
+    The byte index of the last read character in the input file.
+
+    @note For an input with n bytes, 1 is the index of the first character and
+          n+1 is the index of the terminating null byte or the end of file.
+          This also holds true when reading a byte vector (CBOR or MessagePack).
+    */
+    const std::size_t byte;
+
+  private:
+    parse_error(int id_, std::size_t byte_, const char* what_arg)
+        : exception(id_, what_arg), byte(byte_) {}
+
+    static std::string position_string(const position_t& pos)
+    {
+        return concat(" at line ", std::to_string(pos.lines_read + 1),
+                      ", column ", std::to_string(pos.chars_read_current_line));
+    }
+};
+
+/// @brief exception indicating errors with iterators
+/// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/invalid_iterator/
+class invalid_iterator : public exception
+{
+  public:
+    template<typename BasicJsonContext, enable_if_t<is_basic_json_context<BasicJsonContext>::value, int> = 0>
+    static invalid_iterator create(int id_, const std::string& what_arg, BasicJsonContext context)
+    {
+        const std::string w = concat(exception::name("invalid_iterator", id_), exception::diagnostics(context), what_arg);
+        return {id_, w.c_str()};
+    }
+
+  private:
+    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(3)
+    invalid_iterator(int id_, const char* what_arg)
+        : exception(id_, what_arg) {}
+};
+
+/// @brief exception indicating executing a member function with a wrong type
+/// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/type_error/
+class type_error : public exception
+{
+  public:
+    template<typename BasicJsonContext, enable_if_t<is_basic_json_context<BasicJsonContext>::value, int> = 0>
+    static type_error create(int id_, const std::string& what_arg, BasicJsonContext context)
+    {
+        const std::string w = concat(exception::name("type_error", id_), exception::diagnostics(context), what_arg);
+        return {id_, w.c_str()};
+    }
+
+  private:
+    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(3)
+    type_error(int id_, const char* what_arg) : exception(id_, what_arg) {}
+};
+
+/// @brief exception indicating access out of the defined range
+/// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/out_of_range/
+class out_of_range : public exception
+{
+  public:
+    template<typename BasicJsonContext, enable_if_t<is_basic_json_context<BasicJsonContext>::value, int> = 0>
+    static out_of_range create(int id_, const std::string& what_arg, BasicJsonContext context)
+    {
+        const std::string w = concat(exception::name("out_of_range", id_), exception::diagnostics(context), what_arg);
+        return {id_, w.c_str()};
+    }
+
+  private:
+    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(3)
+    out_of_range(int id_, const char* what_arg) : exception(id_, what_arg) {}
+};
+
+/// @brief exception indicating other library errors
+/// @sa https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/other_error/
+class other_error : public exception
+{
+  public:
+    template<typename BasicJsonContext, enable_if_t<is_basic_json_context<BasicJsonContext>::value, int> = 0>
+    static other_error create(int id_, const std::string& what_arg, BasicJsonContext context)
+    {
+        const std::string w = concat(exception::name("other_error", id_), exception::diagnostics(context), what_arg);
+        return {id_, w.c_str()};
+    }
+
+  private:
+    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(3)
+    other_error(int id_, const char* what_arg) : exception(id_, what_arg) {}
+};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END

sample/lib/json/include/nlohmann/detail/hash.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+//     __ _____ _____ _____
+//  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstdint> // uint8_t
+#include <cstddef> // size_t
+#include <functional> // hash
+
+#include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+// boost::hash_combine
+inline std::size_t combine(std::size_t seed, std::size_t h) noexcept
+{
+    seed ^= h + 0x9e3779b9 + (seed << 6U) + (seed >> 2U);
+    return seed;
+}
+
+/*!
+@brief hash a JSON value
+
+The hash function tries to rely on std::hash where possible. Furthermore, the
+type of the JSON value is taken into account to have different hash values for
+null, 0, 0U, and false, etc.
+
+@tparam BasicJsonType basic_json specialization
+@param j JSON value to hash
+@return hash value of j
+*/
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+std::size_t hash(const BasicJsonType& j)
+{
+    using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+    using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+    using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+    using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+
+    const auto type = static_cast<std::size_t>(j.type());
+    switch (j.type())
+    {
+        case BasicJsonType::value_t::null:
+        case BasicJsonType::value_t::discarded:
+        {
+            return combine(type, 0);
+        }
+
+        case BasicJsonType::value_t::object:
+        {
+            auto seed = combine(type, j.size());
+            for (const auto& element : j.items())
+            {
+                const auto h = std::hash<string_t> {}(element.key());
+                seed = combine(seed, h);
+                seed = combine(seed, hash(element.value()));
+            }
+            return seed;
+        }
+
+        case BasicJsonType::value_t::array:
+        {
+            auto seed = combine(type, j.size());
+            for (const auto& element : j)
+            {
+                seed = combine(seed, hash(element));
+            }
+            return seed;
+        }
+
+        case BasicJsonType::value_t::string:
+        {
+            const auto h = std::hash<string_t> {}(j.template get_ref<const string_t&>());
+            return combine(type, h);
+        }
+
+        case BasicJsonType::value_t::boolean:
+        {
+            const auto h = std::hash<bool> {}(j.template get<bool>());
+            return combine(type, h);
+        }
+
+        case BasicJsonType::value_t::number_integer:
+        {
+            const auto h = std::hash<number_integer_t> {}(j.template get<number_integer_t>());
+            return combine(type, h);
+        }
+
+        case BasicJsonType::value_t::number_unsigned:
+        {
+            const auto h = std::hash<number_unsigned_t> {}(j.template get<number_unsigned_t>());
+            return combine(type, h);
+        }
+
+        case BasicJsonType::value_t::number_float:
+        {
+            const auto h = std::hash<number_float_t> {}(j.template get<number_float_t>());
+            return combine(type, h);
+        }
+
+        case BasicJsonType::value_t::binary:
+        {
+            auto seed = combine(type, j.get_binary().size());
+            const auto h = std::hash<bool> {}(j.get_binary().has_subtype());
+            seed = combine(seed, h);
+            seed = combine(seed, static_cast<std::size_t>(j.get_binary().subtype()));
+            for (const auto byte : j.get_binary())
+            {
+                seed = combine(seed, std::hash<std::uint8_t> {}(byte));
+            }
+            return seed;
+        }
+
+        default:                   // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+            JSON_ASSERT(false); // NOLINT(cert-dcl03-c,hicpp-static-assert,misc-static-assert) LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+            return 0;              // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+    }
+}
+
+}  // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END

sample/lib/json/include/nlohmann/detail/input/input_adapters.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,492 @@
+//     __ _____ _____ _____
+//  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <array> // array
+#include <cstddef> // size_t
+#include <cstring> // strlen
+#include <iterator> // begin, end, iterator_traits, random_access_iterator_tag, distance, next
+#include <memory> // shared_ptr, make_shared, addressof
+#include <numeric> // accumulate
+#include <string> // string, char_traits
+#include <type_traits> // enable_if, is_base_of, is_pointer, is_integral, remove_pointer
+#include <utility> // pair, declval
+
+#ifndef JSON_NO_IO
+    #include <cstdio>   // FILE *
+    #include <istream>  // istream
+#endif                  // JSON_NO_IO
+
+#include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/iterator_traits.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+/// the supported input formats
+enum class input_format_t { json, cbor, msgpack, ubjson, bson, bjdata };
+
+////////////////////
+// input adapters //
+////////////////////
+
+#ifndef JSON_NO_IO
+/*!
+Input adapter for stdio file access. This adapter read only 1 byte and do not use any
+ buffer. This adapter is a very low level adapter.
+*/
+class file_input_adapter
+{
+  public:
+    using char_type = char;
+
+    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+    explicit file_input_adapter(std::FILE* f) noexcept
+        : m_file(f)
+    {
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_file != nullptr);
+    }
+
+    // make class move-only
+    file_input_adapter(const file_input_adapter&) = delete;
+    file_input_adapter(file_input_adapter&&) noexcept = default;
+    file_input_adapter& operator=(const file_input_adapter&) = delete;
+    file_input_adapter& operator=(file_input_adapter&&) = delete;
+    ~file_input_adapter() = default;
+
+    std::char_traits<char>::int_type get_character() noexcept
+    {
+        return std::fgetc(m_file);
+    }
+
+  private:
+    /// the file pointer to read from
+    std::FILE* m_file;
+};
+
+/*!
+Input adapter for a (caching) istream. Ignores a UFT Byte Order Mark at
+beginning of input. Does not support changing the underlying std::streambuf
+in mid-input. Maintains underlying std::istream and std::streambuf to support
+subsequent use of standard std::istream operations to process any input
+characters following those used in parsing the JSON input.  Clears the
+std::istream flags; any input errors (e.g., EOF) will be detected by the first
+subsequent call for input from the std::istream.
+*/
+class input_stream_adapter
+{
+  public:
+    using char_type = char;
+
+    ~input_stream_adapter()
+    {
+        // clear stream flags; we use underlying streambuf I/O, do not
+        // maintain ifstream flags, except eof
+        if (is != nullptr)
+        {
+            is->clear(is->rdstate() & std::ios::eofbit);
+        }
+    }
+
+    explicit input_stream_adapter(std::istream& i)
+        : is(&i), sb(i.rdbuf())
+    {}
+
+    // delete because of pointer members
+    input_stream_adapter(const input_stream_adapter&) = delete;
+    input_stream_adapter& operator=(input_stream_adapter&) = delete;
+    input_stream_adapter& operator=(input_stream_adapter&&) = delete;
+
+    input_stream_adapter(input_stream_adapter&& rhs) noexcept
+        : is(rhs.is), sb(rhs.sb)
+    {
+        rhs.is = nullptr;
+        rhs.sb = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    // std::istream/std::streambuf use std::char_traits<char>::to_int_type, to
+    // ensure that std::char_traits<char>::eof() and the character 0xFF do not
+    // end up as the same value, e.g. 0xFFFFFFFF.
+    std::char_traits<char>::int_type get_character()
+    {
+        auto res = sb->sbumpc();
+        // set eof manually, as we don't use the istream interface.
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(res == std::char_traits<char>::eof()))
+        {
+            is->clear(is->rdstate() | std::ios::eofbit);
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    /// the associated input stream
+    std::istream* is = nullptr;
+    std::streambuf* sb = nullptr;
+};
+#endif  // JSON_NO_IO
+
+// General-purpose iterator-based adapter. It might not be as fast as
+// theoretically possible for some containers, but it is extremely versatile.
+template<typename IteratorType>
+class iterator_input_adapter
+{
+  public:
+    using char_type = typename std::iterator_traits<IteratorType>::value_type;
+
+    iterator_input_adapter(IteratorType first, IteratorType last)
+        : current(std::move(first)), end(std::move(last))
+    {}
+
+    typename char_traits<char_type>::int_type get_character()
+    {
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(current != end))
+        {
+            auto result = char_traits<char_type>::to_int_type(*current);
+            std::advance(current, 1);
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        return char_traits<char_type>::eof();
+    }
+
+  private:
+    IteratorType current;
+    IteratorType end;
+
+    template<typename BaseInputAdapter, size_t T>
+    friend struct wide_string_input_helper;
+
+    bool empty() const
+    {
+        return current == end;
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename BaseInputAdapter, size_t T>
+struct wide_string_input_helper;
+
+template<typename BaseInputAdapter>
+struct wide_string_input_helper<BaseInputAdapter, 4>
+{
+    // UTF-32
+    static void fill_buffer(BaseInputAdapter& input,
+                            std::array<std::char_traits<char>::int_type, 4>& utf8_bytes,
+                            size_t& utf8_bytes_index,
+                            size_t& utf8_bytes_filled)
+    {
+        utf8_bytes_index = 0;
+
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(input.empty()))
+        {
+            utf8_bytes[0] = std::char_traits<char>::eof();
+            utf8_bytes_filled = 1;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // get the current character
+            const auto wc = input.get_character();
+
+            // UTF-32 to UTF-8 encoding
+            if (wc < 0x80)
+            {
+                utf8_bytes[0] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(wc);
+                utf8_bytes_filled = 1;
+            }
+            else if (wc <= 0x7FF)
+            {
+                utf8_bytes[0] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0xC0u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) >> 6u) & 0x1Fu));
+                utf8_bytes[1] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) & 0x3Fu));
+                utf8_bytes_filled = 2;
+            }
+            else if (wc <= 0xFFFF)
+            {
+                utf8_bytes[0] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0xE0u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) >> 12u) & 0x0Fu));
+                utf8_bytes[1] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) >> 6u) & 0x3Fu));
+                utf8_bytes[2] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) & 0x3Fu));
+                utf8_bytes_filled = 3;
+            }
+            else if (wc <= 0x10FFFF)
+            {
+                utf8_bytes[0] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0xF0u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) >> 18u) & 0x07u));
+                utf8_bytes[1] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) >> 12u) & 0x3Fu));
+                utf8_bytes[2] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) >> 6u) & 0x3Fu));
+                utf8_bytes[3] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) & 0x3Fu));
+                utf8_bytes_filled = 4;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // unknown character
+                utf8_bytes[0] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(wc);
+                utf8_bytes_filled = 1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename BaseInputAdapter>
+struct wide_string_input_helper<BaseInputAdapter, 2>
+{
+    // UTF-16
+    static void fill_buffer(BaseInputAdapter& input,
+                            std::array<std::char_traits<char>::int_type, 4>& utf8_bytes,
+                            size_t& utf8_bytes_index,
+                            size_t& utf8_bytes_filled)
+    {
+        utf8_bytes_index = 0;
+
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(input.empty()))
+        {
+            utf8_bytes[0] = std::char_traits<char>::eof();
+            utf8_bytes_filled = 1;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // get the current character
+            const auto wc = input.get_character();
+
+            // UTF-16 to UTF-8 encoding
+            if (wc < 0x80)
+            {
+                utf8_bytes[0] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(wc);
+                utf8_bytes_filled = 1;
+            }
+            else if (wc <= 0x7FF)
+            {
+                utf8_bytes[0] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0xC0u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) >> 6u)));
+                utf8_bytes[1] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) & 0x3Fu));
+                utf8_bytes_filled = 2;
+            }
+            else if (0xD800 > wc || wc >= 0xE000)
+            {
+                utf8_bytes[0] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0xE0u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) >> 12u)));
+                utf8_bytes[1] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | ((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) >> 6u) & 0x3Fu));
+                utf8_bytes[2] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | (static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) & 0x3Fu));
+                utf8_bytes_filled = 3;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!input.empty()))
+                {
+                    const auto wc2 = static_cast<unsigned int>(input.get_character());
+                    const auto charcode = 0x10000u + (((static_cast<unsigned int>(wc) & 0x3FFu) << 10u) | (wc2 & 0x3FFu));
+                    utf8_bytes[0] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0xF0u | (charcode >> 18u));
+                    utf8_bytes[1] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | ((charcode >> 12u) & 0x3Fu));
+                    utf8_bytes[2] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | ((charcode >> 6u) & 0x3Fu));
+                    utf8_bytes[3] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(0x80u | (charcode & 0x3Fu));
+                    utf8_bytes_filled = 4;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    utf8_bytes[0] = static_cast<std::char_traits<char>::int_type>(wc);
+                    utf8_bytes_filled = 1;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+// Wraps another input adapter to convert wide character types into individual bytes.
+template<typename BaseInputAdapter, typename WideCharType>
+class wide_string_input_adapter
+{
+  public:
+    using char_type = char;
+
+    wide_string_input_adapter(BaseInputAdapter base)
+        : base_adapter(base) {}
+
+    typename std::char_traits<char>::int_type get_character() noexcept
+    {
+        // check if buffer needs to be filled
+        if (utf8_bytes_index == utf8_bytes_filled)
+        {
+            fill_buffer<sizeof(WideCharType)>();
+
+            JSON_ASSERT(utf8_bytes_filled > 0);
+            JSON_ASSERT(utf8_bytes_index == 0);
+        }
+
+        // use buffer
+        JSON_ASSERT(utf8_bytes_filled > 0);
+        JSON_ASSERT(utf8_bytes_index < utf8_bytes_filled);
+        return utf8_bytes[utf8_bytes_index++];
+    }
+
+  private:
+    BaseInputAdapter base_adapter;
+
+    template<size_t T>
+    void fill_buffer()
+    {
+        wide_string_input_helper<BaseInputAdapter, T>::fill_buffer(base_adapter, utf8_bytes, utf8_bytes_index, utf8_bytes_filled);
+    }
+
+    /// a buffer for UTF-8 bytes
+    std::array<std::char_traits<char>::int_type, 4> utf8_bytes = {{0, 0, 0, 0}};
+
+    /// index to the utf8_codes array for the next valid byte
+    std::size_t utf8_bytes_index = 0;
+    /// number of valid bytes in the utf8_codes array
+    std::size_t utf8_bytes_filled = 0;
+};
+
+template<typename IteratorType, typename Enable = void>
+struct iterator_input_adapter_factory
+{
+    using iterator_type = IteratorType;
+    using char_type = typename std::iterator_traits<iterator_type>::value_type;
+    using adapter_type = iterator_input_adapter<iterator_type>;
+
+    static adapter_type create(IteratorType first, IteratorType last)
+    {
+        return adapter_type(std::move(first), std::move(last));
+    }
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct is_iterator_of_multibyte
+{
+    using value_type = typename std::iterator_traits<T>::value_type;
+    enum
+    {
+        value = sizeof(value_type) > 1
+    };
+};
+
+template<typename IteratorType>
+struct iterator_input_adapter_factory<IteratorType, enable_if_t<is_iterator_of_multibyte<IteratorType>::value>>
+{
+    using iterator_type = IteratorType;
+    using char_type = typename std::iterator_traits<iterator_type>::value_type;
+    using base_adapter_type = iterator_input_adapter<iterator_type>;
+    using adapter_type = wide_string_input_adapter<base_adapter_type, char_type>;
+
+    static adapter_type create(IteratorType first, IteratorType last)
+    {
+        return adapter_type(base_adapter_type(std::move(first), std::move(last)));
+    }
+};
+
+// General purpose iterator-based input
+template<typename IteratorType>
+typename iterator_input_adapter_factory<IteratorType>::adapter_type input_adapter(IteratorType first, IteratorType last)
+{
+    using factory_type = iterator_input_adapter_factory<IteratorType>;
+    return factory_type::create(first, last);
+}
+
+// Convenience shorthand from container to iterator
+// Enables ADL on begin(container) and end(container)
+// Encloses the using declarations in namespace for not to leak them to outside scope
+
+namespace container_input_adapter_factory_impl
+{
+
+using std::begin;
+using std::end;
+
+template<typename ContainerType, typename Enable = void>
+struct container_input_adapter_factory {};
+
+template<typename ContainerType>
+struct container_input_adapter_factory< ContainerType,
+       void_t<decltype(begin(std::declval<ContainerType>()), end(std::declval<ContainerType>()))>>
+       {
+           using adapter_type = decltype(input_adapter(begin(std::declval<ContainerType>()), end(std::declval<ContainerType>())));
+
+           static adapter_type create(const ContainerType& container)
+{
+    return input_adapter(begin(container), end(container));
+}
+       };
+
+}  // namespace container_input_adapter_factory_impl
+
+template<typename ContainerType>
+typename container_input_adapter_factory_impl::container_input_adapter_factory<ContainerType>::adapter_type input_adapter(const ContainerType& container)
+{
+    return container_input_adapter_factory_impl::container_input_adapter_factory<ContainerType>::create(container);
+}
+
+#ifndef JSON_NO_IO
+// Special cases with fast paths
+inline file_input_adapter input_adapter(std::FILE* file)
+{
+    return file_input_adapter(file);
+}
+
+inline input_stream_adapter input_adapter(std::istream& stream)
+{
+    return input_stream_adapter(stream);
+}
+
+inline input_stream_adapter input_adapter(std::istream&& stream)
+{
+    return input_stream_adapter(stream);
+}
+#endif  // JSON_NO_IO
+
+using contiguous_bytes_input_adapter = decltype(input_adapter(std::declval<const char*>(), std::declval<const char*>()));
+
+// Null-delimited strings, and the like.
+template < typename CharT,
+           typename std::enable_if <
+               std::is_pointer<CharT>::value&&
+               !std::is_array<CharT>::value&&
+               std::is_integral<typename std::remove_pointer<CharT>::type>::value&&
+               sizeof(typename std::remove_pointer<CharT>::type) == 1,
+               int >::type = 0 >
+contiguous_bytes_input_adapter input_adapter(CharT b)
+{
+    auto length = std::strlen(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(b));
+    const auto* ptr = reinterpret_cast<const char*>(b);
+    return input_adapter(ptr, ptr + length);
+}
+
+template<typename T, std::size_t N>
+auto input_adapter(T (&array)[N]) -> decltype(input_adapter(array, array + N)) // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-c-arrays,hicpp-avoid-c-arrays,modernize-avoid-c-arrays)
+{
+    return input_adapter(array, array + N);
+}
+
+// This class only handles inputs of input_buffer_adapter type.
+// It's required so that expressions like {ptr, len} can be implicitly cast
+// to the correct adapter.
+class span_input_adapter
+{
+  public:
+    template < typename CharT,
+               typename std::enable_if <
+                   std::is_pointer<CharT>::value&&
+                   std::is_integral<typename std::remove_pointer<CharT>::type>::value&&
+                   sizeof(typename std::remove_pointer<CharT>::type) == 1,
+                   int >::type = 0 >
+    span_input_adapter(CharT b, std::size_t l)
+        : ia(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(b), reinterpret_cast<const char*>(b) + l) {}
+
+    template<class IteratorType,
+             typename std::enable_if<
+                 std::is_same<typename iterator_traits<IteratorType>::iterator_category, std::random_access_iterator_tag>::value,
+                 int>::type = 0>
+    span_input_adapter(IteratorType first, IteratorType last)
+        : ia(input_adapter(first, last)) {}
+
+    contiguous_bytes_input_adapter&& get()
+    {
+        return std::move(ia); // NOLINT(hicpp-move-const-arg,performance-move-const-arg)
+    }
+
+  private:
+    contiguous_bytes_input_adapter ia;
+};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END

sample/lib/json/include/nlohmann/detail/input/json_sax.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,727 @@
+//     __ _____ _____ _____
+//  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <string> // string
+#include <utility> // move
+#include <vector> // vector
+
+#include <nlohmann/detail/exceptions.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/string_concat.hpp>
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+
+/*!
+@brief SAX interface
+
+This class describes the SAX interface used by @ref nlohmann::json::sax_parse.
+Each function is called in different situations while the input is parsed. The
+boolean return value informs the parser whether to continue processing the
+input.
+*/
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+struct json_sax
+{
+    using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+    using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+    using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+    using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+    using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
+
+    /*!
+    @brief a null value was read
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    */
+    virtual bool null() = 0;
+
+    /*!
+    @brief a boolean value was read
+    @param[in] val  boolean value
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    */
+    virtual bool boolean(bool val) = 0;
+
+    /*!
+    @brief an integer number was read
+    @param[in] val  integer value
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    */
+    virtual bool number_integer(number_integer_t val) = 0;
+
+    /*!
+    @brief an unsigned integer number was read
+    @param[in] val  unsigned integer value
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    */
+    virtual bool number_unsigned(number_unsigned_t val) = 0;
+
+    /*!
+    @brief a floating-point number was read
+    @param[in] val  floating-point value
+    @param[in] s    raw token value
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    */
+    virtual bool number_float(number_float_t val, const string_t& s) = 0;
+
+    /*!
+    @brief a string value was read
+    @param[in] val  string value
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    @note It is safe to move the passed string value.
+    */
+    virtual bool string(string_t& val) = 0;
+
+    /*!
+    @brief a binary value was read
+    @param[in] val  binary value
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    @note It is safe to move the passed binary value.
+    */
+    virtual bool binary(binary_t& val) = 0;
+
+    /*!
+    @brief the beginning of an object was read
+    @param[in] elements  number of object elements or -1 if unknown
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    @note binary formats may report the number of elements
+    */
+    virtual bool start_object(std::size_t elements) = 0;
+
+    /*!
+    @brief an object key was read
+    @param[in] val  object key
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    @note It is safe to move the passed string.
+    */
+    virtual bool key(string_t& val) = 0;
+
+    /*!
+    @brief the end of an object was read
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    */
+    virtual bool end_object() = 0;
+
+    /*!
+    @brief the beginning of an array was read
+    @param[in] elements  number of array elements or -1 if unknown
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    @note binary formats may report the number of elements
+    */
+    virtual bool start_array(std::size_t elements) = 0;
+
+    /*!
+    @brief the end of an array was read
+    @return whether parsing should proceed
+    */
+    virtual bool end_array() = 0;
+
+    /*!
+    @brief a parse error occurred
+    @param[in] position    the position in the input where the error occurs
+    @param[in] last_token  the last read token
+    @param[in] ex          an exception object describing the error
+    @return whether parsing should proceed (must return false)
+    */
+    virtual bool parse_error(std::size_t position,
+                             const std::string& last_token,
+                             const detail::exception& ex) = 0;
+
+    json_sax() = default;
+    json_sax(const json_sax&) = default;
+    json_sax(json_sax&&) noexcept = default;
+    json_sax& operator=(const json_sax&) = default;
+    json_sax& operator=(json_sax&&) noexcept = default;
+    virtual ~json_sax() = default;
+};
+
+namespace detail
+{
+/*!
+@brief SAX implementation to create a JSON value from SAX events
+
+This class implements the @ref json_sax interface and processes the SAX events
+to create a JSON value which makes it basically a DOM parser. The structure or
+hierarchy of the JSON value is managed by the stack `ref_stack` which contains
+a pointer to the respective array or object for each recursion depth.
+
+After successful parsing, the value that is passed by reference to the
+constructor contains the parsed value.
+
+@tparam BasicJsonType  the JSON type
+*/
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+class json_sax_dom_parser
+{
+  public:
+    using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+    using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+    using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+    using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+    using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
+
+    /*!
+    @param[in,out] r  reference to a JSON value that is manipulated while
+                       parsing
+    @param[in] allow_exceptions_  whether parse errors yield exceptions
+    */
+    explicit json_sax_dom_parser(BasicJsonType& r, const bool allow_exceptions_ = true)
+        : root(r), allow_exceptions(allow_exceptions_)
+    {}
+
+    // make class move-only
+    json_sax_dom_parser(const json_sax_dom_parser&) = delete;
+    json_sax_dom_parser(json_sax_dom_parser&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
+    json_sax_dom_parser& operator=(const json_sax_dom_parser&) = delete;
+    json_sax_dom_parser& operator=(json_sax_dom_parser&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
+    ~json_sax_dom_parser() = default;
+
+    bool null()
+    {
+        handle_value(nullptr);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool boolean(bool val)
+    {
+        handle_value(val);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool number_integer(number_integer_t val)
+    {
+        handle_value(val);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool number_unsigned(number_unsigned_t val)
+    {
+        handle_value(val);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool number_float(number_float_t val, const string_t& /*unused*/)
+    {
+        handle_value(val);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool string(string_t& val)
+    {
+        handle_value(val);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool binary(binary_t& val)
+    {
+        handle_value(std::move(val));
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool start_object(std::size_t len)
+    {
+        ref_stack.push_back(handle_value(BasicJsonType::value_t::object));
+
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != static_cast<std::size_t>(-1) && len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
+        {
+            JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(408, concat("excessive object size: ", std::to_string(len)), ref_stack.back()));
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool key(string_t& val)
+    {
+        JSON_ASSERT(!ref_stack.empty());
+        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+
+        // add null at given key and store the reference for later
+        object_element = &(ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.object->operator[](val));
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool end_object()
+    {
+        JSON_ASSERT(!ref_stack.empty());
+        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+
+        ref_stack.back()->set_parents();
+        ref_stack.pop_back();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool start_array(std::size_t len)
+    {
+        ref_stack.push_back(handle_value(BasicJsonType::value_t::array));
+
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != static_cast<std::size_t>(-1) && len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
+        {
+            JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(408, concat("excessive array size: ", std::to_string(len)), ref_stack.back()));
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool end_array()
+    {
+        JSON_ASSERT(!ref_stack.empty());
+        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_array());
+
+        ref_stack.back()->set_parents();
+        ref_stack.pop_back();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    template<class Exception>
+    bool parse_error(std::size_t /*unused*/, const std::string& /*unused*/,
+                     const Exception& ex)
+    {
+        errored = true;
+        static_cast<void>(ex);
+        if (allow_exceptions)
+        {
+            JSON_THROW(ex);
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    constexpr bool is_errored() const
+    {
+        return errored;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    /*!
+    @invariant If the ref stack is empty, then the passed value will be the new
+               root.
+    @invariant If the ref stack contains a value, then it is an array or an
+               object to which we can add elements
+    */
+    template<typename Value>
+    JSON_HEDLEY_RETURNS_NON_NULL
+    BasicJsonType* handle_value(Value&& v)
+    {
+        if (ref_stack.empty())
+        {
+            root = BasicJsonType(std::forward<Value>(v));
+            return &root;
+        }
+
+        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_array() || ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+
+        if (ref_stack.back()->is_array())
+        {
+            ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.array->emplace_back(std::forward<Value>(v));
+            return &(ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.array->back());
+        }
+
+        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+        JSON_ASSERT(object_element);
+        *object_element = BasicJsonType(std::forward<Value>(v));
+        return object_element;
+    }
+
+    /// the parsed JSON value
+    BasicJsonType& root;
+    /// stack to model hierarchy of values
+    std::vector<BasicJsonType*> ref_stack {};
+    /// helper to hold the reference for the next object element
+    BasicJsonType* object_element = nullptr;
+    /// whether a syntax error occurred
+    bool errored = false;
+    /// whether to throw exceptions in case of errors
+    const bool allow_exceptions = true;
+};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+class json_sax_dom_callback_parser
+{
+  public:
+    using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+    using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+    using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+    using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+    using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
+    using parser_callback_t = typename BasicJsonType::parser_callback_t;
+    using parse_event_t = typename BasicJsonType::parse_event_t;
+
+    json_sax_dom_callback_parser(BasicJsonType& r,
+                                 const parser_callback_t cb,
+                                 const bool allow_exceptions_ = true)
+        : root(r), callback(cb), allow_exceptions(allow_exceptions_)
+    {
+        keep_stack.push_back(true);
+    }
+
+    // make class move-only
+    json_sax_dom_callback_parser(const json_sax_dom_callback_parser&) = delete;
+    json_sax_dom_callback_parser(json_sax_dom_callback_parser&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
+    json_sax_dom_callback_parser& operator=(const json_sax_dom_callback_parser&) = delete;
+    json_sax_dom_callback_parser& operator=(json_sax_dom_callback_parser&&) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
+    ~json_sax_dom_callback_parser() = default;
+
+    bool null()
+    {
+        handle_value(nullptr);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool boolean(bool val)
+    {
+        handle_value(val);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool number_integer(number_integer_t val)
+    {
+        handle_value(val);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool number_unsigned(number_unsigned_t val)
+    {
+        handle_value(val);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool number_float(number_float_t val, const string_t& /*unused*/)
+    {
+        handle_value(val);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool string(string_t& val)
+    {
+        handle_value(val);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool binary(binary_t& val)
+    {
+        handle_value(std::move(val));
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool start_object(std::size_t len)
+    {
+        // check callback for object start
+        const bool keep = callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()), parse_event_t::object_start, discarded);
+        keep_stack.push_back(keep);
+
+        auto val = handle_value(BasicJsonType::value_t::object, true);
+        ref_stack.push_back(val.second);
+
+        // check object limit
+        if (ref_stack.back() && JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != static_cast<std::size_t>(-1) && len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
+        {
+            JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(408, concat("excessive object size: ", std::to_string(len)), ref_stack.back()));
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool key(string_t& val)
+    {
+        BasicJsonType k = BasicJsonType(val);
+
+        // check callback for key
+        const bool keep = callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()), parse_event_t::key, k);
+        key_keep_stack.push_back(keep);
+
+        // add discarded value at given key and store the reference for later
+        if (keep && ref_stack.back())
+        {
+            object_element = &(ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.object->operator[](val) = discarded);
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool end_object()
+    {
+        if (ref_stack.back())
+        {
+            if (!callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()) - 1, parse_event_t::object_end, *ref_stack.back()))
+            {
+                // discard object
+                *ref_stack.back() = discarded;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                ref_stack.back()->set_parents();
+            }
+        }
+
+        JSON_ASSERT(!ref_stack.empty());
+        JSON_ASSERT(!keep_stack.empty());
+        ref_stack.pop_back();
+        keep_stack.pop_back();
+
+        if (!ref_stack.empty() && ref_stack.back() && ref_stack.back()->is_structured())
+        {
+            // remove discarded value
+            for (auto it = ref_stack.back()->begin(); it != ref_stack.back()->end(); ++it)
+            {
+                if (it->is_discarded())
+                {
+                    ref_stack.back()->erase(it);
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool start_array(std::size_t len)
+    {
+        const bool keep = callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()), parse_event_t::array_start, discarded);
+        keep_stack.push_back(keep);
+
+        auto val = handle_value(BasicJsonType::value_t::array, true);
+        ref_stack.push_back(val.second);
+
+        // check array limit
+        if (ref_stack.back() && JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(len != static_cast<std::size_t>(-1) && len > ref_stack.back()->max_size()))
+        {
+            JSON_THROW(out_of_range::create(408, concat("excessive array size: ", std::to_string(len)), ref_stack.back()));
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool end_array()
+    {
+        bool keep = true;
+
+        if (ref_stack.back())
+        {
+            keep = callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()) - 1, parse_event_t::array_end, *ref_stack.back());
+            if (keep)
+            {
+                ref_stack.back()->set_parents();
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // discard array
+                *ref_stack.back() = discarded;
+            }
+        }
+
+        JSON_ASSERT(!ref_stack.empty());
+        JSON_ASSERT(!keep_stack.empty());
+        ref_stack.pop_back();
+        keep_stack.pop_back();
+
+        // remove discarded value
+        if (!keep && !ref_stack.empty() && ref_stack.back()->is_array())
+        {
+            ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.array->pop_back();
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    template<class Exception>
+    bool parse_error(std::size_t /*unused*/, const std::string& /*unused*/,
+                     const Exception& ex)
+    {
+        errored = true;
+        static_cast<void>(ex);
+        if (allow_exceptions)
+        {
+            JSON_THROW(ex);
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    constexpr bool is_errored() const
+    {
+        return errored;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    /*!
+    @param[in] v  value to add to the JSON value we build during parsing
+    @param[in] skip_callback  whether we should skip calling the callback
+               function; this is required after start_array() and
+               start_object() SAX events, because otherwise we would call the
+               callback function with an empty array or object, respectively.
+
+    @invariant If the ref stack is empty, then the passed value will be the new
+               root.
+    @invariant If the ref stack contains a value, then it is an array or an
+               object to which we can add elements
+
+    @return pair of boolean (whether value should be kept) and pointer (to the
+            passed value in the ref_stack hierarchy; nullptr if not kept)
+    */
+    template<typename Value>
+    std::pair<bool, BasicJsonType*> handle_value(Value&& v, const bool skip_callback = false)
+    {
+        JSON_ASSERT(!keep_stack.empty());
+
+        // do not handle this value if we know it would be added to a discarded
+        // container
+        if (!keep_stack.back())
+        {
+            return {false, nullptr};
+        }
+
+        // create value
+        auto value = BasicJsonType(std::forward<Value>(v));
+
+        // check callback
+        const bool keep = skip_callback || callback(static_cast<int>(ref_stack.size()), parse_event_t::value, value);
+
+        // do not handle this value if we just learnt it shall be discarded
+        if (!keep)
+        {
+            return {false, nullptr};
+        }
+
+        if (ref_stack.empty())
+        {
+            root = std::move(value);
+            return {true, & root};
+        }
+
+        // skip this value if we already decided to skip the parent
+        // (https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/971#issuecomment-413678360)
+        if (!ref_stack.back())
+        {
+            return {false, nullptr};
+        }
+
+        // we now only expect arrays and objects
+        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_array() || ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+
+        // array
+        if (ref_stack.back()->is_array())
+        {
+            ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.array->emplace_back(std::move(value));
+            return {true, & (ref_stack.back()->m_data.m_value.array->back())};
+        }
+
+        // object
+        JSON_ASSERT(ref_stack.back()->is_object());
+        // check if we should store an element for the current key
+        JSON_ASSERT(!key_keep_stack.empty());
+        const bool store_element = key_keep_stack.back();
+        key_keep_stack.pop_back();
+
+        if (!store_element)
+        {
+            return {false, nullptr};
+        }
+
+        JSON_ASSERT(object_element);
+        *object_element = std::move(value);
+        return {true, object_element};
+    }
+
+    /// the parsed JSON value
+    BasicJsonType& root;
+    /// stack to model hierarchy of values
+    std::vector<BasicJsonType*> ref_stack {};
+    /// stack to manage which values to keep
+    std::vector<bool> keep_stack {}; // NOLINT(readability-redundant-member-init)
+    /// stack to manage which object keys to keep
+    std::vector<bool> key_keep_stack {}; // NOLINT(readability-redundant-member-init)
+    /// helper to hold the reference for the next object element
+    BasicJsonType* object_element = nullptr;
+    /// whether a syntax error occurred
+    bool errored = false;
+    /// callback function
+    const parser_callback_t callback = nullptr;
+    /// whether to throw exceptions in case of errors
+    const bool allow_exceptions = true;
+    /// a discarded value for the callback
+    BasicJsonType discarded = BasicJsonType::value_t::discarded;
+};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+class json_sax_acceptor
+{
+  public:
+    using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+    using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+    using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+    using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+    using binary_t = typename BasicJsonType::binary_t;
+
+    bool null()
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool boolean(bool /*unused*/)
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool number_integer(number_integer_t /*unused*/)
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool number_unsigned(number_unsigned_t /*unused*/)
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool number_float(number_float_t /*unused*/, const string_t& /*unused*/)
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool string(string_t& /*unused*/)
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool binary(binary_t& /*unused*/)
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool start_object(std::size_t /*unused*/ = static_cast<std::size_t>(-1))
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool key(string_t& /*unused*/)
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool end_object()
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool start_array(std::size_t /*unused*/ = static_cast<std::size_t>(-1))
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool end_array()
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    bool parse_error(std::size_t /*unused*/, const std::string& /*unused*/, const detail::exception& /*unused*/)
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END

sample/lib/json/include/nlohmann/detail/input/parser.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,519 @@
+//     __ _____ _____ _____
+//  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cmath> // isfinite
+#include <cstdint> // uint8_t
+#include <functional> // function
+#include <string> // string
+#include <utility> // move
+#include <vector> // vector
+
+#include <nlohmann/detail/exceptions.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/input/input_adapters.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/input/json_sax.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/input/lexer.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/meta/is_sax.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/string_concat.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+////////////
+// parser //
+////////////
+
+enum class parse_event_t : std::uint8_t
+{
+    /// the parser read `{` and started to process a JSON object
+    object_start,
+    /// the parser read `}` and finished processing a JSON object
+    object_end,
+    /// the parser read `[` and started to process a JSON array
+    array_start,
+    /// the parser read `]` and finished processing a JSON array
+    array_end,
+    /// the parser read a key of a value in an object
+    key,
+    /// the parser finished reading a JSON value
+    value
+};
+
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+using parser_callback_t =
+    std::function<bool(int /*depth*/, parse_event_t /*event*/, BasicJsonType& /*parsed*/)>;
+
+/*!
+@brief syntax analysis
+
+This class implements a recursive descent parser.
+*/
+template<typename BasicJsonType, typename InputAdapterType>
+class parser
+{
+    using number_integer_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t;
+    using number_unsigned_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t;
+    using number_float_t = typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t;
+    using string_t = typename BasicJsonType::string_t;
+    using lexer_t = lexer<BasicJsonType, InputAdapterType>;
+    using token_type = typename lexer_t::token_type;
+
+  public:
+    /// a parser reading from an input adapter
+    explicit parser(InputAdapterType&& adapter,
+                    const parser_callback_t<BasicJsonType> cb = nullptr,
+                    const bool allow_exceptions_ = true,
+                    const bool skip_comments = false)
+        : callback(cb)
+        , m_lexer(std::move(adapter), skip_comments)
+        , allow_exceptions(allow_exceptions_)
+    {
+        // read first token
+        get_token();
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief public parser interface
+
+    @param[in] strict      whether to expect the last token to be EOF
+    @param[in,out] result  parsed JSON value
+
+    @throw parse_error.101 in case of an unexpected token
+    @throw parse_error.102 if to_unicode fails or surrogate error
+    @throw parse_error.103 if to_unicode fails
+    */
+    void parse(const bool strict, BasicJsonType& result)
+    {
+        if (callback)
+        {
+            json_sax_dom_callback_parser<BasicJsonType> sdp(result, callback, allow_exceptions);
+            sax_parse_internal(&sdp);
+
+            // in strict mode, input must be completely read
+            if (strict && (get_token() != token_type::end_of_input))
+            {
+                sdp.parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+                                m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+                                parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(),
+                                                    exception_message(token_type::end_of_input, "value"), nullptr));
+            }
+
+            // in case of an error, return discarded value
+            if (sdp.is_errored())
+            {
+                result = value_t::discarded;
+                return;
+            }
+
+            // set top-level value to null if it was discarded by the callback
+            // function
+            if (result.is_discarded())
+            {
+                result = nullptr;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            json_sax_dom_parser<BasicJsonType> sdp(result, allow_exceptions);
+            sax_parse_internal(&sdp);
+
+            // in strict mode, input must be completely read
+            if (strict && (get_token() != token_type::end_of_input))
+            {
+                sdp.parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+                                m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+                                parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::end_of_input, "value"), nullptr));
+            }
+
+            // in case of an error, return discarded value
+            if (sdp.is_errored())
+            {
+                result = value_t::discarded;
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+
+        result.assert_invariant();
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief public accept interface
+
+    @param[in] strict  whether to expect the last token to be EOF
+    @return whether the input is a proper JSON text
+    */
+    bool accept(const bool strict = true)
+    {
+        json_sax_acceptor<BasicJsonType> sax_acceptor;
+        return sax_parse(&sax_acceptor, strict);
+    }
+
+    template<typename SAX>
+    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+    bool sax_parse(SAX* sax, const bool strict = true)
+    {
+        (void)detail::is_sax_static_asserts<SAX, BasicJsonType> {};
+        const bool result = sax_parse_internal(sax);
+
+        // strict mode: next byte must be EOF
+        if (result && strict && (get_token() != token_type::end_of_input))
+        {
+            return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+                                    m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+                                    parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::end_of_input, "value"), nullptr));
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    template<typename SAX>
+    JSON_HEDLEY_NON_NULL(2)
+    bool sax_parse_internal(SAX* sax)
+    {
+        // stack to remember the hierarchy of structured values we are parsing
+        // true = array; false = object
+        std::vector<bool> states;
+        // value to avoid a goto (see comment where set to true)
+        bool skip_to_state_evaluation = false;
+
+        while (true)
+        {
+            if (!skip_to_state_evaluation)
+            {
+                // invariant: get_token() was called before each iteration
+                switch (last_token)
+                {
+                    case token_type::begin_object:
+                    {
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_object(static_cast<std::size_t>(-1))))
+                        {
+                            return false;
+                        }
+
+                        // closing } -> we are done
+                        if (get_token() == token_type::end_object)
+                        {
+                            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->end_object()))
+                            {
+                                return false;
+                            }
+                            break;
+                        }
+
+                        // parse key
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(last_token != token_type::value_string))
+                        {
+                            return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+                                                    m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+                                                    parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::value_string, "object key"), nullptr));
+                        }
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->key(m_lexer.get_string())))
+                        {
+                            return false;
+                        }
+
+                        // parse separator (:)
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(get_token() != token_type::name_separator))
+                        {
+                            return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+                                                    m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+                                                    parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::name_separator, "object separator"), nullptr));
+                        }
+
+                        // remember we are now inside an object
+                        states.push_back(false);
+
+                        // parse values
+                        get_token();
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    case token_type::begin_array:
+                    {
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->start_array(static_cast<std::size_t>(-1))))
+                        {
+                            return false;
+                        }
+
+                        // closing ] -> we are done
+                        if (get_token() == token_type::end_array)
+                        {
+                            if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->end_array()))
+                            {
+                                return false;
+                            }
+                            break;
+                        }
+
+                        // remember we are now inside an array
+                        states.push_back(true);
+
+                        // parse values (no need to call get_token)
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    case token_type::value_float:
+                    {
+                        const auto res = m_lexer.get_number_float();
+
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!std::isfinite(res)))
+                        {
+                            return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+                                                    m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+                                                    out_of_range::create(406, concat("number overflow parsing '", m_lexer.get_token_string(), '\''), nullptr));
+                        }
+
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->number_float(res, m_lexer.get_string())))
+                        {
+                            return false;
+                        }
+
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    case token_type::literal_false:
+                    {
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->boolean(false)))
+                        {
+                            return false;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    case token_type::literal_null:
+                    {
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->null()))
+                        {
+                            return false;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    case token_type::literal_true:
+                    {
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->boolean(true)))
+                        {
+                            return false;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    case token_type::value_integer:
+                    {
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->number_integer(m_lexer.get_number_integer())))
+                        {
+                            return false;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    case token_type::value_string:
+                    {
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->string(m_lexer.get_string())))
+                        {
+                            return false;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    case token_type::value_unsigned:
+                    {
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->number_unsigned(m_lexer.get_number_unsigned())))
+                        {
+                            return false;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    case token_type::parse_error:
+                    {
+                        // using "uninitialized" to avoid "expected" message
+                        return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+                                                m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+                                                parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::uninitialized, "value"), nullptr));
+                    }
+                    case token_type::end_of_input:
+                    {
+                        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(m_lexer.get_position().chars_read_total == 1))
+                        {
+                            return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+                                                    m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+                                                    parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(),
+                                                            "attempting to parse an empty input; check that your input string or stream contains the expected JSON", nullptr));
+                        }
+
+                        return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+                                                m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+                                                parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::literal_or_value, "value"), nullptr));
+                    }
+                    case token_type::uninitialized:
+                    case token_type::end_array:
+                    case token_type::end_object:
+                    case token_type::name_separator:
+                    case token_type::value_separator:
+                    case token_type::literal_or_value:
+                    default: // the last token was unexpected
+                    {
+                        return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+                                                m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+                                                parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::literal_or_value, "value"), nullptr));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                skip_to_state_evaluation = false;
+            }
+
+            // we reached this line after we successfully parsed a value
+            if (states.empty())
+            {
+                // empty stack: we reached the end of the hierarchy: done
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            if (states.back())  // array
+            {
+                // comma -> next value
+                if (get_token() == token_type::value_separator)
+                {
+                    // parse a new value
+                    get_token();
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                // closing ]
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(last_token == token_type::end_array))
+                {
+                    if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->end_array()))
+                    {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+
+                    // We are done with this array. Before we can parse a
+                    // new value, we need to evaluate the new state first.
+                    // By setting skip_to_state_evaluation to false, we
+                    // are effectively jumping to the beginning of this if.
+                    JSON_ASSERT(!states.empty());
+                    states.pop_back();
+                    skip_to_state_evaluation = true;
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+                                        m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+                                        parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::end_array, "array"), nullptr));
+            }
+
+            // states.back() is false -> object
+
+            // comma -> next value
+            if (get_token() == token_type::value_separator)
+            {
+                // parse key
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(get_token() != token_type::value_string))
+                {
+                    return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+                                            m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+                                            parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::value_string, "object key"), nullptr));
+                }
+
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->key(m_lexer.get_string())))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                // parse separator (:)
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(get_token() != token_type::name_separator))
+                {
+                    return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+                                            m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+                                            parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::name_separator, "object separator"), nullptr));
+                }
+
+                // parse values
+                get_token();
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // closing }
+            if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(last_token == token_type::end_object))
+            {
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(!sax->end_object()))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                // We are done with this object. Before we can parse a
+                // new value, we need to evaluate the new state first.
+                // By setting skip_to_state_evaluation to false, we
+                // are effectively jumping to the beginning of this if.
+                JSON_ASSERT(!states.empty());
+                states.pop_back();
+                skip_to_state_evaluation = true;
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            return sax->parse_error(m_lexer.get_position(),
+                                    m_lexer.get_token_string(),
+                                    parse_error::create(101, m_lexer.get_position(), exception_message(token_type::end_object, "object"), nullptr));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// get next token from lexer
+    token_type get_token()
+    {
+        return last_token = m_lexer.scan();
+    }
+
+    std::string exception_message(const token_type expected, const std::string& context)
+    {
+        std::string error_msg = "syntax error ";
+
+        if (!context.empty())
+        {
+            error_msg += concat("while parsing ", context, ' ');
+        }
+
+        error_msg += "- ";
+
+        if (last_token == token_type::parse_error)
+        {
+            error_msg += concat(m_lexer.get_error_message(), "; last read: '",
+                                m_lexer.get_token_string(), '\'');
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            error_msg += concat("unexpected ", lexer_t::token_type_name(last_token));
+        }
+
+        if (expected != token_type::uninitialized)
+        {
+            error_msg += concat("; expected ", lexer_t::token_type_name(expected));
+        }
+
+        return error_msg;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    /// callback function
+    const parser_callback_t<BasicJsonType> callback = nullptr;
+    /// the type of the last read token
+    token_type last_token = token_type::uninitialized;
+    /// the lexer
+    lexer_t m_lexer;
+    /// whether to throw exceptions in case of errors
+    const bool allow_exceptions = true;
+};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END

sample/lib/json/include/nlohmann/detail/input/position_t.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+//     __ _____ _____ _____
+//  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstddef> // size_t
+
+#include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+/// struct to capture the start position of the current token
+struct position_t
+{
+    /// the total number of characters read
+    std::size_t chars_read_total = 0;
+    /// the number of characters read in the current line
+    std::size_t chars_read_current_line = 0;
+    /// the number of lines read
+    std::size_t lines_read = 0;
+
+    /// conversion to size_t to preserve SAX interface
+    constexpr operator size_t() const
+    {
+        return chars_read_total;
+    }
+};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END

sample/lib/json/include/nlohmann/detail/iterators/internal_iterator.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+//     __ _____ _____ _____
+//  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/primitive_iterator.hpp>
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+/*!
+@brief an iterator value
+
+@note This structure could easily be a union, but MSVC currently does not allow
+unions members with complex constructors, see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/105.
+*/
+template<typename BasicJsonType> struct internal_iterator
+{
+    /// iterator for JSON objects
+    typename BasicJsonType::object_t::iterator object_iterator {};
+    /// iterator for JSON arrays
+    typename BasicJsonType::array_t::iterator array_iterator {};
+    /// generic iterator for all other types
+    primitive_iterator_t primitive_iterator {};
+};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END

sample/lib/json/include/nlohmann/detail/iterators/iter_impl.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,751 @@
+//     __ _____ _____ _____
+//  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <iterator> // iterator, random_access_iterator_tag, bidirectional_iterator_tag, advance, next
+#include <type_traits> // conditional, is_const, remove_const
+
+#include <nlohmann/detail/exceptions.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/internal_iterator.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/iterators/primitive_iterator.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/meta/cpp_future.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+// forward declare, to be able to friend it later on
+template<typename IteratorType> class iteration_proxy;
+template<typename IteratorType> class iteration_proxy_value;
+
+/*!
+@brief a template for a bidirectional iterator for the @ref basic_json class
+This class implements a both iterators (iterator and const_iterator) for the
+@ref basic_json class.
+@note An iterator is called *initialized* when a pointer to a JSON value has
+      been set (e.g., by a constructor or a copy assignment). If the iterator is
+      default-constructed, it is *uninitialized* and most methods are undefined.
+      **The library uses assertions to detect calls on uninitialized iterators.**
+@requirement The class satisfies the following concept requirements:
+-
+[BidirectionalIterator](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/named_req/BidirectionalIterator):
+  The iterator that can be moved can be moved in both directions (i.e.
+  incremented and decremented).
+@since version 1.0.0, simplified in version 2.0.9, change to bidirectional
+       iterators in version 3.0.0 (see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/593)
+*/
+template<typename BasicJsonType>
+class iter_impl // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,hicpp-special-member-functions)
+{
+    /// the iterator with BasicJsonType of different const-ness
+    using other_iter_impl = iter_impl<typename std::conditional<std::is_const<BasicJsonType>::value, typename std::remove_const<BasicJsonType>::type, const BasicJsonType>::type>;
+    /// allow basic_json to access private members
+    friend other_iter_impl;
+    friend BasicJsonType;
+    friend iteration_proxy<iter_impl>;
+    friend iteration_proxy_value<iter_impl>;
+
+    using object_t = typename BasicJsonType::object_t;
+    using array_t = typename BasicJsonType::array_t;
+    // make sure BasicJsonType is basic_json or const basic_json
+    static_assert(is_basic_json<typename std::remove_const<BasicJsonType>::type>::value,
+                  "iter_impl only accepts (const) basic_json");
+    // superficial check for the LegacyBidirectionalIterator named requirement
+    static_assert(std::is_base_of<std::bidirectional_iterator_tag, std::bidirectional_iterator_tag>::value
+                  &&  std::is_base_of<std::bidirectional_iterator_tag, typename std::iterator_traits<typename array_t::iterator>::iterator_category>::value,
+                  "basic_json iterator assumes array and object type iterators satisfy the LegacyBidirectionalIterator named requirement.");
+
+  public:
+    /// The std::iterator class template (used as a base class to provide typedefs) is deprecated in C++17.
+    /// The C++ Standard has never required user-defined iterators to derive from std::iterator.
+    /// A user-defined iterator should provide publicly accessible typedefs named
+    /// iterator_category, value_type, difference_type, pointer, and reference.
+    /// Note that value_type is required to be non-const, even for constant iterators.
+    using iterator_category = std::bidirectional_iterator_tag;
+
+    /// the type of the values when the iterator is dereferenced
+    using value_type = typename BasicJsonType::value_type;
+    /// a type to represent differences between iterators
+    using difference_type = typename BasicJsonType::difference_type;
+    /// defines a pointer to the type iterated over (value_type)
+    using pointer = typename std::conditional<std::is_const<BasicJsonType>::value,
+          typename BasicJsonType::const_pointer,
+          typename BasicJsonType::pointer>::type;
+    /// defines a reference to the type iterated over (value_type)
+    using reference =
+        typename std::conditional<std::is_const<BasicJsonType>::value,
+        typename BasicJsonType::const_reference,
+        typename BasicJsonType::reference>::type;
+
+    iter_impl() = default;
+    ~iter_impl() = default;
+    iter_impl(iter_impl&&) noexcept = default;
+    iter_impl& operator=(iter_impl&&) noexcept = default;
+
+    /*!
+    @brief constructor for a given JSON instance
+    @param[in] object  pointer to a JSON object for this iterator
+    @pre object != nullptr
+    @post The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    explicit iter_impl(pointer object) noexcept : m_object(object)
+    {
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+        switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+        {
+            case value_t::object:
+            {
+                m_it.object_iterator = typename object_t::iterator();
+                break;
+            }
+
+            case value_t::array:
+            {
+                m_it.array_iterator = typename array_t::iterator();
+                break;
+            }
+
+            case value_t::null:
+            case value_t::string:
+            case value_t::boolean:
+            case value_t::number_integer:
+            case value_t::number_unsigned:
+            case value_t::number_float:
+            case value_t::binary:
+            case value_t::discarded:
+            default:
+            {
+                m_it.primitive_iterator = primitive_iterator_t();
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @note The conventional copy constructor and copy assignment are implicitly
+          defined. Combined with the following converting constructor and
+          assignment, they support: (1) copy from iterator to iterator, (2)
+          copy from const iterator to const iterator, and (3) conversion from
+          iterator to const iterator. However conversion from const iterator
+          to iterator is not defined.
+    */
+
+    /*!
+    @brief const copy constructor
+    @param[in] other const iterator to copy from
+    @note This copy constructor had to be defined explicitly to circumvent a bug
+          occurring on msvc v19.0 compiler (VS 2015) debug build. For more
+          information refer to: https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/1608
+    */
+    iter_impl(const iter_impl<const BasicJsonType>& other) noexcept
+        : m_object(other.m_object), m_it(other.m_it)
+    {}
+
+    /*!
+    @brief converting assignment
+    @param[in] other const iterator to copy from
+    @return const/non-const iterator
+    @note It is not checked whether @a other is initialized.
+    */
+    iter_impl& operator=(const iter_impl<const BasicJsonType>& other) noexcept
+    {
+        if (&other != this)
+        {
+            m_object = other.m_object;
+            m_it = other.m_it;
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief converting constructor
+    @param[in] other  non-const iterator to copy from
+    @note It is not checked whether @a other is initialized.
+    */
+    iter_impl(const iter_impl<typename std::remove_const<BasicJsonType>::type>& other) noexcept
+        : m_object(other.m_object), m_it(other.m_it)
+    {}
+
+    /*!
+    @brief converting assignment
+    @param[in] other  non-const iterator to copy from
+    @return const/non-const iterator
+    @note It is not checked whether @a other is initialized.
+    */
+    iter_impl& operator=(const iter_impl<typename std::remove_const<BasicJsonType>::type>& other) noexcept // NOLINT(cert-oop54-cpp)
+    {
+        m_object = other.m_object;
+        m_it = other.m_it;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+  JSON_PRIVATE_UNLESS_TESTED:
+    /*!
+    @brief set the iterator to the first value
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    void set_begin() noexcept
+    {
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+        switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+        {
+            case value_t::object:
+            {
+                m_it.object_iterator = m_object->m_data.m_value.object->begin();
+                break;
+            }
+
+            case value_t::array:
+            {
+                m_it.array_iterator = m_object->m_data.m_value.array->begin();
+                break;
+            }
+
+            case value_t::null:
+            {
+                // set to end so begin()==end() is true: null is empty
+                m_it.primitive_iterator.set_end();
+                break;
+            }
+
+            case value_t::string:
+            case value_t::boolean:
+            case value_t::number_integer:
+            case value_t::number_unsigned:
+            case value_t::number_float:
+            case value_t::binary:
+            case value_t::discarded:
+            default:
+            {
+                m_it.primitive_iterator.set_begin();
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief set the iterator past the last value
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    void set_end() noexcept
+    {
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+        switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+        {
+            case value_t::object:
+            {
+                m_it.object_iterator = m_object->m_data.m_value.object->end();
+                break;
+            }
+
+            case value_t::array:
+            {
+                m_it.array_iterator = m_object->m_data.m_value.array->end();
+                break;
+            }
+
+            case value_t::null:
+            case value_t::string:
+            case value_t::boolean:
+            case value_t::number_integer:
+            case value_t::number_unsigned:
+            case value_t::number_float:
+            case value_t::binary:
+            case value_t::discarded:
+            default:
+            {
+                m_it.primitive_iterator.set_end();
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+  public:
+    /*!
+    @brief return a reference to the value pointed to by the iterator
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    reference operator*() const
+    {
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+        switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+        {
+            case value_t::object:
+            {
+                JSON_ASSERT(m_it.object_iterator != m_object->m_data.m_value.object->end());
+                return m_it.object_iterator->second;
+            }
+
+            case value_t::array:
+            {
+                JSON_ASSERT(m_it.array_iterator != m_object->m_data.m_value.array->end());
+                return *m_it.array_iterator;
+            }
+
+            case value_t::null:
+                JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(214, "cannot get value", m_object));
+
+            case value_t::string:
+            case value_t::boolean:
+            case value_t::number_integer:
+            case value_t::number_unsigned:
+            case value_t::number_float:
+            case value_t::binary:
+            case value_t::discarded:
+            default:
+            {
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin()))
+                {
+                    return *m_object;
+                }
+
+                JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(214, "cannot get value", m_object));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief dereference the iterator
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    pointer operator->() const
+    {
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+        switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+        {
+            case value_t::object:
+            {
+                JSON_ASSERT(m_it.object_iterator != m_object->m_data.m_value.object->end());
+                return &(m_it.object_iterator->second);
+            }
+
+            case value_t::array:
+            {
+                JSON_ASSERT(m_it.array_iterator != m_object->m_data.m_value.array->end());
+                return &*m_it.array_iterator;
+            }
+
+            case value_t::null:
+            case value_t::string:
+            case value_t::boolean:
+            case value_t::number_integer:
+            case value_t::number_unsigned:
+            case value_t::number_float:
+            case value_t::binary:
+            case value_t::discarded:
+            default:
+            {
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin()))
+                {
+                    return m_object;
+                }
+
+                JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(214, "cannot get value", m_object));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief post-increment (it++)
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    iter_impl operator++(int)& // NOLINT(cert-dcl21-cpp)
+    {
+        auto result = *this;
+        ++(*this);
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief pre-increment (++it)
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    iter_impl& operator++()
+    {
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+        switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+        {
+            case value_t::object:
+            {
+                std::advance(m_it.object_iterator, 1);
+                break;
+            }
+
+            case value_t::array:
+            {
+                std::advance(m_it.array_iterator, 1);
+                break;
+            }
+
+            case value_t::null:
+            case value_t::string:
+            case value_t::boolean:
+            case value_t::number_integer:
+            case value_t::number_unsigned:
+            case value_t::number_float:
+            case value_t::binary:
+            case value_t::discarded:
+            default:
+            {
+                ++m_it.primitive_iterator;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief post-decrement (it--)
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    iter_impl operator--(int)& // NOLINT(cert-dcl21-cpp)
+    {
+        auto result = *this;
+        --(*this);
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief pre-decrement (--it)
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    iter_impl& operator--()
+    {
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+        switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+        {
+            case value_t::object:
+            {
+                std::advance(m_it.object_iterator, -1);
+                break;
+            }
+
+            case value_t::array:
+            {
+                std::advance(m_it.array_iterator, -1);
+                break;
+            }
+
+            case value_t::null:
+            case value_t::string:
+            case value_t::boolean:
+            case value_t::number_integer:
+            case value_t::number_unsigned:
+            case value_t::number_float:
+            case value_t::binary:
+            case value_t::discarded:
+            default:
+            {
+                --m_it.primitive_iterator;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief comparison: equal
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    template < typename IterImpl, detail::enable_if_t < (std::is_same<IterImpl, iter_impl>::value || std::is_same<IterImpl, other_iter_impl>::value), std::nullptr_t > = nullptr >
+    bool operator==(const IterImpl& other) const
+    {
+        // if objects are not the same, the comparison is undefined
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(m_object != other.m_object))
+        {
+            JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(212, "cannot compare iterators of different containers", m_object));
+        }
+
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+        switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+        {
+            case value_t::object:
+                return (m_it.object_iterator == other.m_it.object_iterator);
+
+            case value_t::array:
+                return (m_it.array_iterator == other.m_it.array_iterator);
+
+            case value_t::null:
+            case value_t::string:
+            case value_t::boolean:
+            case value_t::number_integer:
+            case value_t::number_unsigned:
+            case value_t::number_float:
+            case value_t::binary:
+            case value_t::discarded:
+            default:
+                return (m_it.primitive_iterator == other.m_it.primitive_iterator);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief comparison: not equal
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    template < typename IterImpl, detail::enable_if_t < (std::is_same<IterImpl, iter_impl>::value || std::is_same<IterImpl, other_iter_impl>::value), std::nullptr_t > = nullptr >
+    bool operator!=(const IterImpl& other) const
+    {
+        return !operator==(other);
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief comparison: smaller
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    bool operator<(const iter_impl& other) const
+    {
+        // if objects are not the same, the comparison is undefined
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_UNLIKELY(m_object != other.m_object))
+        {
+            JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(212, "cannot compare iterators of different containers", m_object));
+        }
+
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+        switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+        {
+            case value_t::object:
+                JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(213, "cannot compare order of object iterators", m_object));
+
+            case value_t::array:
+                return (m_it.array_iterator < other.m_it.array_iterator);
+
+            case value_t::null:
+            case value_t::string:
+            case value_t::boolean:
+            case value_t::number_integer:
+            case value_t::number_unsigned:
+            case value_t::number_float:
+            case value_t::binary:
+            case value_t::discarded:
+            default:
+                return (m_it.primitive_iterator < other.m_it.primitive_iterator);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief comparison: less than or equal
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    bool operator<=(const iter_impl& other) const
+    {
+        return !other.operator < (*this);
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief comparison: greater than
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    bool operator>(const iter_impl& other) const
+    {
+        return !operator<=(other);
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief comparison: greater than or equal
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    bool operator>=(const iter_impl& other) const
+    {
+        return !operator<(other);
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief add to iterator
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    iter_impl& operator+=(difference_type i)
+    {
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+        switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+        {
+            case value_t::object:
+                JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(209, "cannot use offsets with object iterators", m_object));
+
+            case value_t::array:
+            {
+                std::advance(m_it.array_iterator, i);
+                break;
+            }
+
+            case value_t::null:
+            case value_t::string:
+            case value_t::boolean:
+            case value_t::number_integer:
+            case value_t::number_unsigned:
+            case value_t::number_float:
+            case value_t::binary:
+            case value_t::discarded:
+            default:
+            {
+                m_it.primitive_iterator += i;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief subtract from iterator
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    iter_impl& operator-=(difference_type i)
+    {
+        return operator+=(-i);
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief add to iterator
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    iter_impl operator+(difference_type i) const
+    {
+        auto result = *this;
+        result += i;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief addition of distance and iterator
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    friend iter_impl operator+(difference_type i, const iter_impl& it)
+    {
+        auto result = it;
+        result += i;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief subtract from iterator
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    iter_impl operator-(difference_type i) const
+    {
+        auto result = *this;
+        result -= i;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief return difference
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    difference_type operator-(const iter_impl& other) const
+    {
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+        switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+        {
+            case value_t::object:
+                JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(209, "cannot use offsets with object iterators", m_object));
+
+            case value_t::array:
+                return m_it.array_iterator - other.m_it.array_iterator;
+
+            case value_t::null:
+            case value_t::string:
+            case value_t::boolean:
+            case value_t::number_integer:
+            case value_t::number_unsigned:
+            case value_t::number_float:
+            case value_t::binary:
+            case value_t::discarded:
+            default:
+                return m_it.primitive_iterator - other.m_it.primitive_iterator;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief access to successor
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    reference operator[](difference_type n) const
+    {
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+        switch (m_object->m_data.m_type)
+        {
+            case value_t::object:
+                JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(208, "cannot use operator[] for object iterators", m_object));
+
+            case value_t::array:
+                return *std::next(m_it.array_iterator, n);
+
+            case value_t::null:
+                JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(214, "cannot get value", m_object));
+
+            case value_t::string:
+            case value_t::boolean:
+            case value_t::number_integer:
+            case value_t::number_unsigned:
+            case value_t::number_float:
+            case value_t::binary:
+            case value_t::discarded:
+            default:
+            {
+                if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(m_it.primitive_iterator.get_value() == -n))
+                {
+                    return *m_object;
+                }
+
+                JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(214, "cannot get value", m_object));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief return the key of an object iterator
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    const typename object_t::key_type& key() const
+    {
+        JSON_ASSERT(m_object != nullptr);
+
+        if (JSON_HEDLEY_LIKELY(m_object->is_object()))
+        {
+            return m_it.object_iterator->first;
+        }
+
+        JSON_THROW(invalid_iterator::create(207, "cannot use key() for non-object iterators", m_object));
+    }
+
+    /*!
+    @brief return the value of an iterator
+    @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
+    */
+    reference value() const
+    {
+        return operator*();
+    }
+
+  JSON_PRIVATE_UNLESS_TESTED:
+    /// associated JSON instance
+    pointer m_object = nullptr;
+    /// the actual iterator of the associated instance
+    internal_iterator<typename std::remove_const<BasicJsonType>::type> m_it {};
+};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END

sample/lib/json/include/nlohmann/detail/iterators/iteration_proxy.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+//     __ _____ _____ _____
+//  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstddef> // size_t
+#include <iterator> // input_iterator_tag
+#include <string> // string, to_string
+#include <tuple> // tuple_size, get, tuple_element
+#include <utility> // move
+
+#if JSON_HAS_RANGES
+    #include <ranges> // enable_borrowed_range
+#endif
+
+#include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/meta/type_traits.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/value_t.hpp>
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+template<typename string_type>
+void int_to_string( string_type& target, std::size_t value )
+{
+    // For ADL
+    using std::to_string;
+    target = to_string(value);
+}
+template<typename IteratorType> class iteration_proxy_value
+{
+  public:
+    using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
+    using value_type = iteration_proxy_value;
+    using pointer = value_type *;
+    using reference = value_type &;
+    using iterator_category = std::input_iterator_tag;
+    using string_type = typename std::remove_cv< typename std::remove_reference<decltype( std::declval<IteratorType>().key() ) >::type >::type;
+
+  private:
+    /// the iterator
+    IteratorType anchor{};
+    /// an index for arrays (used to create key names)
+    std::size_t array_index = 0;
+    /// last stringified array index
+    mutable std::size_t array_index_last = 0;
+    /// a string representation of the array index
+    mutable string_type array_index_str = "0";
+    /// an empty string (to return a reference for primitive values)
+    string_type empty_str{};
+
+  public:
+    explicit iteration_proxy_value() = default;
+    explicit iteration_proxy_value(IteratorType it, std::size_t array_index_ = 0)
+    noexcept(std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<IteratorType>::value
+             && std::is_nothrow_default_constructible<string_type>::value)
+        : anchor(std::move(it))
+        , array_index(array_index_)
+    {}
+
+    iteration_proxy_value(iteration_proxy_value const&) = default;
+    iteration_proxy_value& operator=(iteration_proxy_value const&) = default;
+    // older GCCs are a bit fussy and require explicit noexcept specifiers on defaulted functions
+    iteration_proxy_value(iteration_proxy_value&&)
+    noexcept(std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<IteratorType>::value
+             && std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<string_type>::value) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor,cppcoreguidelines-noexcept-move-operations)
+    iteration_proxy_value& operator=(iteration_proxy_value&&)
+    noexcept(std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<IteratorType>::value
+             && std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<string_type>::value) = default; // NOLINT(hicpp-noexcept-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor,cppcoreguidelines-noexcept-move-operations)
+    ~iteration_proxy_value() = default;
+
+    /// dereference operator (needed for range-based for)
+    const iteration_proxy_value& operator*() const
+    {
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    /// increment operator (needed for range-based for)
+    iteration_proxy_value& operator++()
+    {
+        ++anchor;
+        ++array_index;
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    iteration_proxy_value operator++(int)& // NOLINT(cert-dcl21-cpp)
+    {
+        auto tmp = iteration_proxy_value(anchor, array_index);
+        ++anchor;
+        ++array_index;
+        return tmp;
+    }
+
+    /// equality operator (needed for InputIterator)
+    bool operator==(const iteration_proxy_value& o) const
+    {
+        return anchor == o.anchor;
+    }
+
+    /// inequality operator (needed for range-based for)
+    bool operator!=(const iteration_proxy_value& o) const
+    {
+        return anchor != o.anchor;
+    }
+
+    /// return key of the iterator
+    const string_type& key() const
+    {
+        JSON_ASSERT(anchor.m_object != nullptr);
+
+        switch (anchor.m_object->type())
+        {
+            // use integer array index as key
+            case value_t::array:
+            {
+                if (array_index != array_index_last)
+                {
+                    int_to_string( array_index_str, array_index );
+                    array_index_last = array_index;
+                }
+                return array_index_str;
+            }
+
+            // use key from the object
+            case value_t::object:
+                return anchor.key();
+
+            // use an empty key for all primitive types
+            case value_t::null:
+            case value_t::string:
+            case value_t::boolean:
+            case value_t::number_integer:
+            case value_t::number_unsigned:
+            case value_t::number_float:
+            case value_t::binary:
+            case value_t::discarded:
+            default:
+                return empty_str;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// return value of the iterator
+    typename IteratorType::reference value() const
+    {
+        return anchor.value();
+    }
+};
+
+/// proxy class for the items() function
+template<typename IteratorType> class iteration_proxy
+{
+  private:
+    /// the container to iterate
+    typename IteratorType::pointer container = nullptr;
+
+  public:
+    explicit iteration_proxy() = default;
+
+    /// construct iteration proxy from a container
+    explicit iteration_proxy(typename IteratorType::reference cont) noexcept
+        : container(&cont) {}
+
+    iteration_proxy(iteration_proxy const&) = default;
+    iteration_proxy& operator=(iteration_proxy const&) = default;
+    iteration_proxy(iteration_proxy&&) noexcept = default;
+    iteration_proxy& operator=(iteration_proxy&&) noexcept = default;
+    ~iteration_proxy() = default;
+
+    /// return iterator begin (needed for range-based for)
+    iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType> begin() const noexcept
+    {
+        return iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType>(container->begin());
+    }
+
+    /// return iterator end (needed for range-based for)
+    iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType> end() const noexcept
+    {
+        return iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType>(container->end());
+    }
+};
+
+// Structured Bindings Support
+// For further reference see https://blog.tartanllama.xyz/structured-bindings/
+// And see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/1391
+template<std::size_t N, typename IteratorType, enable_if_t<N == 0, int> = 0>
+auto get(const nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType>& i) -> decltype(i.key())
+{
+    return i.key();
+}
+// Structured Bindings Support
+// For further reference see https://blog.tartanllama.xyz/structured-bindings/
+// And see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/1391
+template<std::size_t N, typename IteratorType, enable_if_t<N == 1, int> = 0>
+auto get(const nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType>& i) -> decltype(i.value())
+{
+    return i.value();
+}
+
+}  // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END
+
+// The Addition to the STD Namespace is required to add
+// Structured Bindings Support to the iteration_proxy_value class
+// For further reference see https://blog.tartanllama.xyz/structured-bindings/
+// And see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/1391
+namespace std
+{
+
+#if defined(__clang__)
+    // Fix: https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/1401
+    #pragma clang diagnostic push
+    #pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wmismatched-tags"
+#endif
+template<typename IteratorType>
+class tuple_size<::nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType>> // NOLINT(cert-dcl58-cpp)
+            : public std::integral_constant<std::size_t, 2> {};
+
+template<std::size_t N, typename IteratorType>
+class tuple_element<N, ::nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType >> // NOLINT(cert-dcl58-cpp)
+{
+  public:
+    using type = decltype(
+                     get<N>(std::declval <
+                            ::nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy_value<IteratorType >> ()));
+};
+#if defined(__clang__)
+    #pragma clang diagnostic pop
+#endif
+
+}  // namespace std
+
+#if JSON_HAS_RANGES
+    template <typename IteratorType>
+    inline constexpr bool ::std::ranges::enable_borrowed_range<::nlohmann::detail::iteration_proxy<IteratorType>> = true;
+#endif

sample/lib/json/include/nlohmann/detail/iterators/iterator_traits.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+//     __ _____ _____ _____
+//  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <iterator> // random_access_iterator_tag
+
+#include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/meta/void_t.hpp>
+#include <nlohmann/detail/meta/cpp_future.hpp>
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+template<typename It, typename = void>
+struct iterator_types {};
+
+template<typename It>
+struct iterator_types <
+    It,
+    void_t<typename It::difference_type, typename It::value_type, typename It::pointer,
+    typename It::reference, typename It::iterator_category >>
+{
+    using difference_type = typename It::difference_type;
+    using value_type = typename It::value_type;
+    using pointer = typename It::pointer;
+    using reference = typename It::reference;
+    using iterator_category = typename It::iterator_category;
+};
+
+// This is required as some compilers implement std::iterator_traits in a way that
+// doesn't work with SFINAE. See https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/1341.
+template<typename T, typename = void>
+struct iterator_traits
+{
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct iterator_traits < T, enable_if_t < !std::is_pointer<T>::value >>
+            : iterator_types<T>
+{
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+struct iterator_traits<T*, enable_if_t<std::is_object<T>::value>>
+{
+    using iterator_category = std::random_access_iterator_tag;
+    using value_type = T;
+    using difference_type = ptrdiff_t;
+    using pointer = T*;
+    using reference = T&;
+};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END

sample/lib/json/include/nlohmann/detail/iterators/json_reverse_iterator.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+//     __ _____ _____ _____
+//  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstddef> // ptrdiff_t
+#include <iterator> // reverse_iterator
+#include <utility> // declval
+
+#include <nlohmann/detail/abi_macros.hpp>
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+//////////////////////
+// reverse_iterator //
+//////////////////////
+
+/*!
+@brief a template for a reverse iterator class
+
+@tparam Base the base iterator type to reverse. Valid types are @ref
+iterator (to create @ref reverse_iterator) and @ref const_iterator (to
+create @ref const_reverse_iterator).
+
+@requirement The class satisfies the following concept requirements:
+-
+[BidirectionalIterator](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/named_req/BidirectionalIterator):
+  The iterator that can be moved can be moved in both directions (i.e.
+  incremented and decremented).
+- [OutputIterator](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/named_req/OutputIterator):
+  It is possible to write to the pointed-to element (only if @a Base is
+  @ref iterator).
+
+@since version 1.0.0
+*/
+template<typename Base>
+class json_reverse_iterator : public std::reverse_iterator<Base>
+{
+  public:
+    using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
+    /// shortcut to the reverse iterator adapter
+    using base_iterator = std::reverse_iterator<Base>;
+    /// the reference type for the pointed-to element
+    using reference = typename Base::reference;
+
+    /// create reverse iterator from iterator
+    explicit json_reverse_iterator(const typename base_iterator::iterator_type& it) noexcept
+        : base_iterator(it) {}
+
+    /// create reverse iterator from base class
+    explicit json_reverse_iterator(const base_iterator& it) noexcept : base_iterator(it) {}
+
+    /// post-increment (it++)
+    json_reverse_iterator operator++(int)& // NOLINT(cert-dcl21-cpp)
+    {
+        return static_cast<json_reverse_iterator>(base_iterator::operator++(1));
+    }
+
+    /// pre-increment (++it)
+    json_reverse_iterator& operator++()
+    {
+        return static_cast<json_reverse_iterator&>(base_iterator::operator++());
+    }
+
+    /// post-decrement (it--)
+    json_reverse_iterator operator--(int)& // NOLINT(cert-dcl21-cpp)
+    {
+        return static_cast<json_reverse_iterator>(base_iterator::operator--(1));
+    }
+
+    /// pre-decrement (--it)
+    json_reverse_iterator& operator--()
+    {
+        return static_cast<json_reverse_iterator&>(base_iterator::operator--());
+    }
+
+    /// add to iterator
+    json_reverse_iterator& operator+=(difference_type i)
+    {
+        return static_cast<json_reverse_iterator&>(base_iterator::operator+=(i));
+    }
+
+    /// add to iterator
+    json_reverse_iterator operator+(difference_type i) const
+    {
+        return static_cast<json_reverse_iterator>(base_iterator::operator+(i));
+    }
+
+    /// subtract from iterator
+    json_reverse_iterator operator-(difference_type i) const
+    {
+        return static_cast<json_reverse_iterator>(base_iterator::operator-(i));
+    }
+
+    /// return difference
+    difference_type operator-(const json_reverse_iterator& other) const
+    {
+        return base_iterator(*this) - base_iterator(other);
+    }
+
+    /// access to successor
+    reference operator[](difference_type n) const
+    {
+        return *(this->operator+(n));
+    }
+
+    /// return the key of an object iterator
+    auto key() const -> decltype(std::declval<Base>().key())
+    {
+        auto it = --this->base();
+        return it.key();
+    }
+
+    /// return the value of an iterator
+    reference value() const
+    {
+        auto it = --this->base();
+        return it.operator * ();
+    }
+};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END

sample/lib/json/include/nlohmann/detail/iterators/primitive_iterator.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+//     __ _____ _____ _____
+//  __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
+// |  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 3.11.3
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2023 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstddef> // ptrdiff_t
+#include <limits>  // numeric_limits
+
+#include <nlohmann/detail/macro_scope.hpp>
+
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
+namespace detail
+{
+
+/*
+@brief an iterator for primitive JSON types
+
+This class models an iterator for primitive JSON types (boolean, number,
+string). It's only purpose is to allow the iterator/const_iterator classes
+to "iterate" over primitive values. Internally, the iterator is modeled by
+a `difference_type` variable. Value begin_value (`0`) models the begin,
+end_value (`1`) models past the end.
+*/
+class primitive_iterator_t
+{
+  private:
+    using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
+    static constexpr difference_type begin_value = 0;
+    static constexpr difference_type end_value = begin_value + 1;
+
+  JSON_PRIVATE_UNLESS_TESTED:
+    /// iterator as signed integer type
+    difference_type m_it = (std::numeric_limits<std::ptrdiff_t>::min)();
+
+  public:
+    constexpr difference_type get_value() const noexcept
+    {
+        return m_it;
+    }
+
+    /// set iterator to a defined beginning
+    void set_begin() noexcept
+    {
+        m_it = begin_value;
+    }
+
+    /// set iterator to a defined past the end
+    void set_end() noexcept
+    {
+        m_it = end_value;
+    }
+
+    /// return whether the iterator can be dereferenced
+    constexpr bool is_begin() const noexcept
+    {
+        return m_it == begin_value;
+    }
+
+    /// return whether the iterator is at end
+    constexpr bool is_end() const noexcept
+    {
+        return m_it == end_value;
+    }
+
+    friend constexpr bool operator==(primitive_iterator_t lhs, primitive_iterator_t rhs) noexcept
+    {
+        return lhs.m_it == rhs.m_it;
+    }
+
+    friend constexpr bool operator<(primitive_iterator_t lhs, primitive_iterator_t rhs) noexcept
+    {
+        return lhs.m_it < rhs.m_it;
+    }
+
+    primitive_iterator_t operator+(difference_type n) noexcept
+    {
+        auto result = *this;
+        result += n;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    friend constexpr difference_type operator-(primitive_iterator_t lhs, primitive_iterator_t rhs) noexcept
+    {
+        return lhs.m_it - rhs.m_it;
+    }
+
+    primitive_iterator_t& operator++() noexcept
+    {
+        ++m_it;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    primitive_iterator_t operator++(int)& noexcept // NOLINT(cert-dcl21-cpp)
+    {
+        auto result = *this;
+        ++m_it;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    primitive_iterator_t& operator--() noexcept
+    {
+        --m_it;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    primitive_iterator_t operator--(int)& noexcept // NOLINT(cert-dcl21-cpp)
+    {
+        auto result = *this;
+        --m_it;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    primitive_iterator_t& operator+=(difference_type n) noexcept
+    {
+        m_it += n;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    primitive_iterator_t& operator-=(difference_type n) noexcept
+    {
+        m_it -= n;
+        return *this;
+    }
+};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+NLOHMANN_JSON_NAMESPACE_END